An aerosol generating device comprises a magnetic field generator and a heater for heating a smokable material; the heater comprises a susceptor portion and an infrared emission portion, the susceptor portion is penetrated by a magnetic field to generate heat and heat the smokable material by heat conduction, and the infrared emission portion receives the heat of the susceptor portion, and is excited by heating to radiate infrared rays to heat the smokable material. During the use of the above aerosol generating device, on the one hand, the susceptor portion generates heat by inductive heating so that the smokable material is directly heated by heat conduction; and on the other hand, the infrared emission portion is excited by the heat of the susceptor portion to radiate infrared rays, thereby assisting in the heating of the smokable material, and improving the utilization efficiency of heat.

An aerosol generating device comprises a magnetic field generator and a heater for heating a smokable material; the heater comprises a susceptor portion and an infrared emission portion, the susceptor portion is penetrated by a magnetic field to generate heat and heat the smokable material by heat conduction, and the infrared emission portion receives the heat of the susceptor portion, and is excited by heating to radiate infrared rays to heat the smokable material. During the use of the above aerosol generating device, on the one hand, the susceptor portion generates heat by inductive heating so that the smokable material is directly heated by heat conduction; and on the other hand, the infrared emission portion is excited by the heat of the susceptor portion to radiate infrared rays, thereby assisting in the heating of the smokable material, and improving the utilization efficiency of heat.

A radiator according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises at least one group of heat dissipation layers that are applied to the surface of the radiator so as to be sequentially layered thereon, wherein the one group of heat dissipation layer comprises a first coating layer formed by applying either a first dispersion solution or a second dispersion solution, and a second coating layer formed by applying the dispersion solution differing from that on the first coating layer, the first dispersion solution comprises positively charged metal oxide nanoparticles, and the second dispersion solution comprises negatively charged carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH). The heat dissipation layer is formed in a porous thin film structure so as to have thickness of several micrometers, and thus increases a heat dissipation area by ten times, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency, and can be applied without being restricted by the size, volume, shape, arrangement and the like of a radiator.

Passive cooling article (120) includes a plurality of first elements (122) defining a high absorbance in the atmospheric window wavelength range and defining high average reflectance in the solar wavelength range and a plurality of second elements (124) defining a low absorbance in the atmospheric window wavelength range and defining high average reflectance in the solar wavelength range, wherein the plurality of first (122) and second (124) elements are interspersed to form a major structure having a first major surface (130) comprising the first element outer surfaces (126) and the second element outer surfaces (128), wherein the first element outer surfaces (126) face a first direction toward a first end region (136) of the major structure (130) and the second element outer surfaces (128) face a second direction toward a second end region (136) of the major structure. The article (120) may be applied to a substrate (104), for example, on a generally vertical surface of a vehicle or stationary structure.

Passive cooling article (120) includes a plurality of first elements (122) defining a high absorbance in the atmospheric window wavelength range and defining high average reflectance in the solar wavelength range and a plurality of second elements (124) defining a low absorbance in the atmospheric window wavelength range and defining high average reflectance in the solar wavelength range, wherein the plurality of first (122) and second (124) elements are interspersed to form a major structure having a first major surface (130) comprising the first element outer surfaces (126) and the second element outer surfaces (128), wherein the first element outer surfaces (126) face a first direction toward a first end region (136) of the major structure (130) and the second element outer surfaces (128) face a second direction toward a second end region (136) of the major structure. The article (120) may be applied to a substrate (104), for example, on a generally vertical surface of a vehicle or stationary structure.

The heat-dissipating substrate structure includes a base layer and a cold spray coating layer. The cold spray coating layer is formed on a surface of the base layer. The cold spray coating layer is a film formed on the surface of the base layer by spraying a solid-phase metal powder and a high-pressure compressed gas onto the base layer. The solid-phase metal powder at least includes a film-forming powder with an apparent density of 3 to 4 g/cm.sup.3 and a median particle diameter (D50) of 30 μm or less. A maximum depth of a bottom of the cold spray coating layer embedded in the base layer is less than 60 μm. A cooler contains an internal cooling fin joined to the base layer. An internal coolant passage is defined between the base layer, the internal cooling fin, and an interior of the cooler.

Electronic devices are disclosed including hydrophobic or oleophobic coatings that control coolant flow therein or thereon. In at least one embodiment, a power inverter cold plate is provided including coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, and a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween; and one or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating configured to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate. A method may include applying one or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating to a power inverter cold plate to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate, the one or more layers being applied to one or more of a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, or a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween. The layers may define coolant flow paths, eliminate recirculation zones, and/or prevent coolant leak paths.

Electronic devices are disclosed including hydrophobic or oleophobic coatings that control coolant flow therein or thereon. In at least one embodiment, a power inverter cold plate is provided including coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, and a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween; and one or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating configured to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate. A method may include applying one or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating to a power inverter cold plate to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate, the one or more layers being applied to one or more of a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, or a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween. The layers may define coolant flow paths, eliminate recirculation zones, and/or prevent coolant leak paths.

Nanostructured coating materials, methods of their production, and methods of use in a variety of applications are described. The nanostructured materials described herein include one or more 2.sup.+ and/or 3.sup.+ metal ion(s), optionally in a ternary phase, on a substrate.

Passive radiative cooling structures and apparatus manufactured with such cooling structures conserve energy needs. A flexible film transparent to visible light incorporates particles at a volume percentage larger than 25% so as to absorb and emit infrared radiation at wavelengths where Earth's atmosphere is transparent. Another film transparent to visible light is thin and flexible and configured to absorb and emit infrared radiation at wavelengths where Earth's atmosphere is transparent, wherein etchings or depositions are present on one or both surfaces. A high efficiency cooling structure has an emissive layer sandwiched between a waveguide layer and a thermal conductive layer. A solar cell panel is covered by a transparent passive radiative cooling film. A container housing an active cooling unit incorporates passive radiative cooling structures on one or more exterior surfaces.