A mitigation control system is arranged in an environment containing an energetic material and includes an abnormal temperature sensor for detecting an abnormal temperature of the environment, a power source that is mechanically actuated by the abnormal temperature sensor when the abnormal temperature exceeds a predetermined abnormal temperature threshold, a mitigation controller that is actuated by the power source, and a plurality of local temperature sensors that are communicatively coupled to the mitigation controller and are arranged for detecting critical temperatures in specific regions of the environment. The mitigation controller executes a mitigation action when one of the critical temperatures exceeds a predetermined critical temperature threshold for the corresponding specific region.

Container for the transport or storage of batteries, the container having an internal storage space having a volume, the container comprising walls surrounding the storage space on all sides, the container having a lid to close the storage space, wherein, in a state wherein the storage space is closed by the lid, the lid constitutes a top wall of the storage space, wherein one or more of said walls are provided with one or more openings for venting -gas under pressure from the storage space to the outside air, the one or more openings having a total surface area of at least 1.0 square centimeter per liter volume of the storage space, wherein a layer of flame-retardant material extends over the one or more openings, the flame-retardant material being made of steel fibers or mineral fibers.

Thermally-sensitive hardware is at least partially enclosed within a container in which reactants for a solid-solid endothermic chemical reaction are disposed, surrounding at least a portion of the thermally-sensitive hardware. The reactants or a structure including the reactants are positioned between the thermally-sensitive hardware and a heat source, such as an external surface of a missile traveling through atmospheric gases at extremely high speed and experiencing extreme frictional heating. The reactants absorb heat during the solid-solid endothermic reaction to thermally protect the thermally-sensitive hardware. The reactants are preferably selected to absorb heat of at least 5 kilo-Joules per gram (kJ/g) during the solid-solid endothermic chemical reaction.

Thermally-sensitive hardware is at least partially enclosed within a container in which reactants for a solid-solid endothermic chemical reaction are disposed, surrounding at least a portion of the thermally-sensitive hardware. The reactants or a structure including the reactants are positioned between the thermally-sensitive hardware and a heat source, such as an external surface of a missile traveling through atmospheric gases at extremely high speed and experiencing extreme frictional heating. The reactants absorb heat during the solid-solid endothermic reaction to thermally protect the thermally-sensitive hardware. The reactants are preferably selected to absorb heat of at least 5 kilo-Joules per gram (kJ/g) during the solid-solid endothermic chemical reaction.

A mitigation control system is arranged in an environment containing an energetic material and includes an abnormal temperature sensor for detecting an abnormal temperature of the environment, a power source that is mechanically actuated by the abnormal temperature sensor when the abnormal temperature exceeds a predetermined abnormal temperature threshold, a mitigation controller that is actuated by the power source, and a plurality of local temperature sensors that are communicatively coupled to the mitigation controller and are arranged for detecting critical temperatures in specific regions of the environment. The mitigation controller executes a mitigation action when one of the critical temperatures exceeds a predetermined critical temperature threshold for the corresponding specific region.

A method for protecting an underlying structure from directed energy including combining an intumescent material with the underlying structure. The intumescent material forms a barrier to directed energy received on the intumescent material, the barrier suppressing or impeding transmission of the directed energy, and heat generated in the barrier by the directed energy, to the underlying structure.

Thermal insulation foam for high explosives is applied to the inner surface of warheads and guided weapons filled with high explosives, thus maximizing the storability and survivability of warheads and guided weapons despite changes in temperature and external environmental factors such as impacts. The thermal insulation foam includes porous microspheres, a prepolymer having a hydroxyl group, and an isocyanate, wherein the prepolymer includes any one selected from among a polybutadiene-, a polyester-, a polyether-, a polysiloxane-, and a fluorine-based prepolymer.

Thermal insulation foam for high explosives is applied to the inner surface of warheads and guided weapons filled with high explosives, thus maximizing the storability and survivability of warheads and guided weapons despite changes in temperature and external environmental factors such as impacts. The thermal insulation foam includes porous microspheres, a prepolymer having a hydroxyl group, and an isocyanate, wherein the prepolymer includes any one selected from among a polybutadiene-, a polyester-, a polyether-, a polysiloxane-, and a fluorine-based prepolymer.

A thermoplastic container for explosive material comprising: a primary part defining a rigid compartment for holding explosive material, where the primary part comprises: a side wall having an inner periphery defining the side boundaries of the compartment and an outer periphery, a base arranged at a lower end of the side wall defining the lower boundary of the compartment, where an upper end of the side wall is arranged to provide access to the compartment allowing explosive material to be loaded into the compartment; a secondary part comprising: at least one reinforcement element defining an outer periphery of the container, wherein the reinforcement element is coupled to the primary part and is adapted to provide horizontal and/or vertical load support to the primary part and where the reinforcement element comprises at least one collapsible impact zone adapted to absorb an external impact to the secondary part and to transmit the excess forces of the impact into from the reinforcement element to the primary part.

A thermoplastic container for explosive material comprising: a primary part defining a rigid compartment for holding explosive material, where the primary part comprises: a side wall having an inner periphery defining the side boundaries of the compartment and an outer periphery, a base arranged at a lower end of the side wall defining the lower boundary of the compartment, where an upper end of the side wall is arranged to provide access to the compartment allowing explosive material to be loaded into the compartment; a secondary part comprising: at least one reinforcement element defining an outer periphery of the container, wherein the reinforcement element is coupled to the primary part and is adapted to provide horizontal and/or vertical load support to the primary part and where the reinforcement element comprises at least one collapsible impact zone adapted to absorb an external impact to the secondary part and to transmit the excess forces of the impact into from the reinforcement element to the primary part.