A non-destructive measurement apparatus and method for quantitatively measuring texture of a food snack is disclosed. The apparatus includes a laser generating tool, an ultrasound excitation device, an acoustic capturing device, an ultrasound capturing device and a data processing unit. The laser generating tool and the ultrasound excitation tool direct energy towards a food snack placed on a surface and produce an acoustic signal and an ultrasound signal. The data processing unit further comprises a digital signal processing module that processes the received acoustic signal and ultrasound signal. A statistical processing module further filters the acoustic signal from the data processing unit and generates a quantitative acoustic model for texture attributes such as hardness and fracturability. The quantitative model is correlated with a qualitative texture measurement from a descriptive expert panel. Texture of food snacks are quantitatively measured with the quantitative acoustic model.

When information related to road surface conditions is conveyed from a vehicle body side system to a tire-mounted sensor and the tire-mounted sensor determines the road surface condition, an integrated voltage value is corrected based on the information related to the road surface condition. It is thus possible to estimate the road surface condition more accurately. Furthermore, in as much as the road surface condition is estimated at each tire-mounted sensor, the road surface condition can be estimated for each wheel.

When information related to road surface conditions is conveyed from a vehicle body side system to a tire-mounted sensor and the tire-mounted sensor determines the road surface condition, an integrated voltage value is corrected based on the information related to the road surface condition. It is thus possible to estimate the road surface condition more accurately. Furthermore, in as much as the road surface condition is estimated at each tire-mounted sensor, the road surface condition can be estimated for each wheel.

In a road surface condition determining device, when determining a road surface condition, a vibration detection unit, a waveform processing unit and a data transmission unit for implementing a sensing function and a data transmission function are not set continuously to an active state for all tire side device, but at least only one tire side device is set to an active state. Remaining one or more is set to a sleep state. A reduction in power consumption of the tire side devices set to the sleep state can thus be achieved. Further, with regard to the at least one tire side device, since the sensing function and the data transmission function remain in the active state, the road surface condition can be reliably determined based on the road surface data of the tire side device.

In a road surface condition determining device, when determining a road surface condition, a vibration detection unit, a waveform processing unit and a data transmission unit for implementing a sensing function and a data transmission function are not set continuously to an active state for all tire side device, but at least only one tire side device is set to an active state. Remaining one or more is set to a sleep state. A reduction in power consumption of the tire side devices set to the sleep state can thus be achieved. Further, with regard to the at least one tire side device, since the sensing function and the data transmission function remain in the active state, the road surface condition can be reliably determined based on the road surface data of the tire side device.

A road surface state determination device includes a tire-side device and a vehicle-body-side system. The tire-side device is attached to a tire of a vehicle. The vehicle-body-side system is included in a vehicle body. The tire-side device outputs a detection signal corresponding to a magnitude of vibration of the tire. The tire-side device generates road surface data indicative of a road surface state shown in a waveform of the detection signal. The tire-side device transmits the road surface data. The vehicle-body-side system receives the road surface data transmitted from the tire-side device. The vehicle-body-side system determines the road surface state of a road surface on which the vehicle is traveling based on the road surface data and learning data.

A road surface state determination device includes a tire-side device and a vehicle-body-side system. The tire-side device is attached to a tire of a vehicle. The vehicle-body-side system is included in a vehicle body. The tire-side device outputs a detection signal corresponding to a magnitude of vibration of the tire. The tire-side device generates road surface data indicative of a road surface state shown in a waveform of the detection signal. The tire-side device transmits the road surface data. The vehicle-body-side system receives the road surface data transmitted from the tire-side device. The vehicle-body-side system determines the road surface state of a road surface on which the vehicle is traveling based on the road surface data and learning data.

A vehicle theft-prevention apparatus can include at least one computing device couple to a plurality of sensors and a wireless transceiver. The plurality of sensors can be configured to sense measurements proximate to a vehicle. The at least one computing device can be configured to read a plurality of first measurements of a first sensor of the plurality of sensors. Based on the plurality of first measurements from the first sensor, the at least one computing device can determine that a key fob moved outside of a range of the first sensor. In response to the key fob moving outside of the range of the first sensor, the at least one computing device can transition to an armed state. The at least one computing device can read a plurality of second measurements from a subset of the plurality of sensors. Based on the plurality of second measurements, the at least one computing device can determine that a person has entered the vehicle.

A disclosed example includes providing vibration information to a model, the vibration information corresponding to a first vibration measured at a first mobile device when the first mobile device is in a state of non-use by a user, the model based on a plurality of vibration patterns that correspond to second vibrations measured by second mobile devices in different environments; identifying, using the model, one of the vibration patterns that corresponds to the vibration information; determining an environment of the first mobile device based on the one of the vibration patterns; and instructing the first mobile device to modify a functionality of the first mobile device based on the environment.

A disclosed example includes providing vibration information to a model, the vibration information corresponding to a first vibration measured at a first mobile device when the first mobile device is in a state of non-use by a user, the model based on a plurality of vibration patterns that correspond to second vibrations measured by second mobile devices in different environments; identifying, using the model, one of the vibration patterns that corresponds to the vibration information; determining an environment of the first mobile device based on the one of the vibration patterns; and instructing the first mobile device to modify a functionality of the first mobile device based on the environment.