A magnetic tag sensor includes a cylinder and threaded pipe embedded therein and simulates a magnetic dipole; two threaded pipe wiring interfaces being connected to first and second cables, running through a cylinder upper cross-section outer wall and extending out of the cylinder; the cylinder is sleeved on a guide rail and at a junction between a riverbed and water; an guide rail end inserts into the riverbed, a water sealing box is mounted on a top of the guide rail, a power supply module, a relay and a load arranged inside the water sealing box, the first cable connected to a positive pole of the power supply module, and the second cable connected to a negative pole through the relay and load connected in series; and the threaded pipe in the wall of the cylinder moves up and down with the riverbed to generate a magnetic field signal.

A magnetic tag sensor includes a cylinder and threaded pipe embedded therein and simulates a magnetic dipole; two threaded pipe wiring interfaces being connected to first and second cables, running through a cylinder upper cross-section outer wall and extending out of the cylinder; the cylinder is sleeved on a guide rail and at a junction between a riverbed and water; an guide rail end inserts into the riverbed, a water sealing box is mounted on a top of the guide rail, a power supply module, a relay and a load arranged inside the water sealing box, the first cable connected to a positive pole of the power supply module, and the second cable connected to a negative pole through the relay and load connected in series; and the threaded pipe in the wall of the cylinder moves up and down with the riverbed to generate a magnetic field signal.

A fastening system for fastening an electronic device (2) in a measurement housing (1), comprising: an electronic-device holder (10) designed to accommodate an electronic measurement device (2); and a prestressing ring (20) that is able to cooperate with said holder (10) for assembly and comprises a plurality of prestressing beams (22, 25) designed to bear on said electronic device (2) when said ring is assembled together with the holder, said electronic device (2) being inserted into said holder (10).

A tread portion of a pneumatic tire includes a columnar wear measurement magnet that has magnetic flux density or magnetic field strength formed thereby decreased due to wear thereof along with wear of tread rubber of the tread portion and a columnar reference magnet provided at a position where the columnar reference magnet is not worn with the wear of the tread rubber. The wear measurement magnet and the reference magnet extend from a tread surface side toward a tire cavity region of the pneumatic tire, and an end of the reference magnet on the tread surface side is located farther from a tread surface where the tread portion contacts the ground than an end of the wear measurement magnet on the tread surface side.

A tread portion of a pneumatic tire includes a columnar wear measurement magnet that has magnetic flux density or magnetic field strength formed thereby decreased due to wear thereof along with wear of tread rubber of the tread portion and a columnar reference magnet provided at a position where the columnar reference magnet is not worn with the wear of the tread rubber. The wear measurement magnet and the reference magnet extend from a tread surface side toward a tire cavity region of the pneumatic tire, and an end of the reference magnet on the tread surface side is located farther from a tread surface where the tread portion contacts the ground than an end of the wear measurement magnet on the tread surface side.

A method for determining depth of a material is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a signal from an antenna at a location. The signal includes a fundamental frequency and the signal penetrates ground under the location. The location is selected to locate a material at a depth under the location. The fundamental frequency matches a known resonant frequency of a resonant atom of a molecule of the material. The method includes detecting a reflected wave on the antenna, determining a time difference between transmission of the signal and detection of the reflected wave on the antenna, and determining the depth to the material based on the time difference and a reflected velocity corresponding to the resonant atom.

A transducer for measuring the thickness of ice in a body of water includes a transducer body, at least one ice presence sensor for measuring the presence of ice at a point beyond a boundary layer between the transducer body and the body of water, a flotation element, a controller, and a display assembly. The transducer body includes waterproof membrane sealed orifices positioned on the transducer body for one or more ice presence sensors. A tether point attaches an anchor to keep the transducer at a fixed location in the water body. The ice presence sensor includes a sense probe passing through the waterproof membrane, a sense probe seal, a drive rod, a switch, and an actuator. The display includes one or more visible elements to indicate ice thickness at the transducer location. The ice thickness is inferred by the collective indications at the one or more ice presence sensors.

This invention relates to tire tread wear monitoring. A sacrificial magnet portion is arranged in a tread of the tire so that it undergoes wear along with the tread and generates a useful magnetic field signal indicative of remaining tread thickness. With a magnetic field sensor arranged on or in the tire, an overall magnetic field signal is measured, which includes the useful magnetic field signal, and a superimposed interfering magnetic field signal generated by magnetizable material contained in the tire. A non-sacrificial magnet portion is used to saturate the magnetizable material at least locally so as to make the interfering magnetic field signal sensed by the magnetic field sensor substantially independent of the useful magnetic field signal sensed by the magnetic field sensor. Further aspects of the invention relate to tires, e.g., vehicle tires, featuring a tire tread wear monitoring system.

An agricultural trench depth sensing system having a trench implement adapted to be disposed in a soil trench opened in a soil surface. In one embodiment an ultrasonic sensor detects a distance to an upper surface of said trench implement or a target disposed thereon. In another embodiment, said trench implement includes one or more fingers which rotate with respect to said trench implement to detect the soil surface relative to said trench implement. In another embodiment, said trench implement includes side sensors for detecting the sidewall of the soil trench.

An agricultural trench depth sensing system having a trench implement adapted to be disposed in a soil trench opened in a soil surface. In one embodiment an ultrasonic sensor detects a distance to an upper surface of said trench implement or a target disposed thereon. In another embodiment, said trench implement includes one or more fingers which rotate with respect to said trench implement to detect the soil surface relative to said trench implement. In another embodiment, said trench implement includes side sensors for detecting the sidewall of the soil trench.