Laser scanning is performed along a transverse section of a tunnel while the amount of scanning is reduced as much as possible. A laser scanning apparatus includes a horizontal rotation unit, a vertical rotation unit disposed on the horizontal rotation unit, and an optical unit disposed on the vertical rotation unit and configured to emit and receive laser scanning light. A method includes obtaining laser scanning data of right and left wall surfaces of a tunnel, calculating a straight line that connects the right and left wall surfaces and that crosses a perpendicular line passing a position at which the laser scanning apparatus is set up, and calculating a direction orthogonal to the straight line in a horizontal plane, and performing laser scanning of a transverse section of the tunnel while the vertical rotation unit is rotated around a rotation axis in the calculated direction.

Described herein are new methods and systems for profiling tunnels. A method comprises moving a shuttle within a shuttle track extending between a boring apparatus (inside a tunnel) and a base station (outside the tunnel). The shuttle is equipped with a movement sensor, which records various movement parameters (e.g., linear and/or angular accelerations) while the shuttle moves within the shuttle track. These movement parameters are then transferred to a tunnel profiler (e.g., a base station) and the profile of the tunnel is determined based on these movement parameters. For example, a shuttle track can be a flexible tube (e.g., continuous or segmented) with the shuttle positioned within the tube. The shuttle can be removed from the tube or remain in the tube while the movement parameters are transferred and, in some examples, while the shuttle is recharged.

Techniques are disclosed for disseminating network service-specific mapping information across administrative domains. In one example, a network device receives an indication of a route target and one or more underlay tunnels configured to support a service route. The service route is configured to transport network traffic associated with a first network service of a plurality of network services. The network device defines, based on the indication, a first transport class of a plurality of transport classes. The network device receives a service route for the first network service and stores a correspondence between the service route and the first transport class. The network device receives network traffic associated with the first network service and forwards, based on the correspondence, the network traffic along the underlay tunnels specified by the first transport class.

Techniques are disclosed for disseminating network service-specific mapping information across administrative domains. In one example, a network device receives an indication of a route target and one or more underlay tunnels configured to support a service route. The service route is configured to transport network traffic associated with a first network service of a plurality of network services. The network device defines, based on the indication, a first transport class of a plurality of transport classes. The network device receives a service route for the first network service and stores a correspondence between the service route and the first transport class. The network device receives network traffic associated with the first network service and forwards, based on the correspondence, the network traffic along the underlay tunnels specified by the first transport class.

An apparatus, rock drilling rig, method and computer program for executing navigation for a rock drilling rig in a mine tunnel. The rock drilling rig is positioned at faces of rounds and is navigated before initiating drilling. The navigation is executed without a predetermined tunnel line. The realized tunnel line is formed by combining navigation data on several rounds. Length and direction of the round to be drilled next may be adjusted according to need.

An apparatus, system and/or method for making observations down a wellbore are provided. The wellbore observation system may comprise a mandrel that can be run downhole, and telescoping tracks can be utilized to move a camera and semi-conforming inflatable bladder out of the mandrel and into the wellbore. Once the bladder is inflated, it displaces high turbidity fluid in the wellbore to allow the camera to move about a track and observe the wellbore unobstructed. An alternative embodiment allows the mandrel and telescoping tracks to be utilized with other tools to perform cleaning, fishing, diagnostic, and analytic operations.

An apparatus, system and/or method for making observations down a wellbore are provided. The wellbore observation system may comprise a mandrel that can be run downhole, and telescoping tracks can be utilized to move a camera and semi-conforming inflatable bladder out of the mandrel and into the wellbore. Once the bladder is inflated, it displaces high turbidity fluid in the wellbore to allow the camera to move about a track and observe the wellbore unobstructed. An alternative embodiment allows the mandrel and telescoping tracks to be utilized with other tools to perform cleaning, fishing, diagnostic, and analytic operations.

Provided is a position locating instrument for a position locating method in which position locating instruments that transmit and receive light beams are arranged in series connection. The position locating instruments reduce error factors and improve measurement accuracy by providing all or some of necessary position and attitude parameters. The position locating instrument has at least one light emission port through which light from a wavelength-changeable light source is emitted; and at least one light receiving port that receives light emitted or reflected by an adjacent position locating instrument. The light emitted from the light emission port has a fanlike pattern and has an emission angle varying, as a monotonic function of a wavelength of the light, in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the light spreads in the fanlike pattern.

Techniques are disclosed for disseminating network service-specific mapping information across administrative domains In one example, a network device receives an indication of a route target and one or more underlay tunnels configured to support a service route. The service route is configured to transport network traffic associated with a first network service of a plurality of network services. The network device defines, based on the indication, a first transport class of a plurality of transport classes. The network device receives a service route for the first network service and stores a correspondence between the service route and the first transport class. The network device receives network traffic associated with the first network service and forwards, based on the correspondence, the network traffic along the underlay tunnels specified by the first transport class.

Techniques are disclosed for disseminating network service-specific mapping information across administrative domains In one example, a network device receives an indication of a route target and one or more underlay tunnels configured to support a service route. The service route is configured to transport network traffic associated with a first network service of a plurality of network services. The network device defines, based on the indication, a first transport class of a plurality of transport classes. The network device receives a service route for the first network service and stores a correspondence between the service route and the first transport class. The network device receives network traffic associated with the first network service and forwards, based on the correspondence, the network traffic along the underlay tunnels specified by the first transport class.