An apparatus for determining a vertical level or density of a material column including one or more of a granular solid, a wet granular solid, a slurry, and a suspension, the apparatus having a support member; and at least one measurement module, wherein the measurement module includes a support arm mounted to the support member and extending outwardly from the support member; a displacer mounted to the support arm, and a force measurement device configured to measure a force attributable to a mass of the displacer mediated by a buoyancy of the displacer in the material column, wherein the measurement module has a data connection to a data processing unit for transmitting measurement data from the measurement module to the data processing unit to generate level or density information about the material column.

A method to determine a quantity of a liquid in a container. In the method, a actuator is controlled to rotate a member in the container at a first speed. A measurement of electrical current drawn by the actuator at the first speed is received. A quantity of liquid in the container is determined through a look-up table and the measured electrical current.

A fluid storage device includes a container and a torsion sensor. The container stores a fluid to be agitated. The torsion sensor has a substrate and detects torsion of the substrate. The substrate has a first end inserted in the container and a second end fixed to the container or a housing.

A bulk material storage bin has an upright wall supporting a plurality of vertically spaced indicators providing a person with visual information regarding the level of the bulk material in the bin. The indicators have bright color and dark color surfaces that are selectively displayed to provide a person with information of the level of bulk material in the bin. An actuator located in the bin cooperates with a motion transmission apparatus to move visual members to an ON position displaying the bright color when the bulk material engages the actuator and to an OFF position displaying the dark color when the actuator is free of bulk material. The motion transmission apparatus includes a rod movably retained on an O-ring held on a mount device secured to the side wall of the bin. A yoke supporting an endless flexible member mounted on the rod is connected to the visual members whereby movement of the rod moves the visual members between the ON and OFF positions.

An apparatus for determining a vertical level or density of a material column including one or more of a granular solid, a wet granular solid, a slurry, and a suspension, the apparatus having a support member; and at least one measurement module, wherein the measurement module includes a support arm mounted to the support member and extending outwardly from the support member; a displacer mounted to the support arm, and a force measurement device configured to measure a force attributable to a mass of the displacer mediated by a buoyancy of the displacer in the material column, wherein the measurement module has a data connection to a data processing unit for transmitting measurement data from the measurement module to the data processing unit to generate level or density information about the material column.

One or more toner bottles are provided for supplying toners to development apparatuses. The toner bottles each include bottle portions and displacement sensors. The bottle portions accommodate the toners and are rotated by a drive force of a drive source. The displacement sensors are positioned on sides of the bottle portions and detect deflection amounts of the sides of the bottle portions to determine how much toner is remaining in each toner bottle.

This disclosure describes a level indicator assembly for measuring the level of solids in a vessel. The level indicator may desirably comprise a solid shaft extending into a vessel. The shaft may have paddle connected to an interior end of the shaft and an external sensor attached to an exterior end of the shaft. A support structure may engage the sensor to prevent at least a portion of the sensor from moving. By keeping a portion of the sensor stationary, the sensor may measure the change in torsional force exerted on the shaft. By locating the sensor external to the vessel, operators may remove and replace sensors without accessing either the vessel interior or the portions of the level indicator assembly that extend into the vessel.

An example method for measuring the amount of build material in a build material container of a 3D printer may comprise mounting a belt element tensioned between at least two shafts, and attaching a body to the belt element; driving the body towards a surface of the build material while measuring the advance and the speed of the belt element; detecting a reduction of the speed of the belt element, and determining that the body has then contacted the surface of the build material; and determining the position of the surface of the build material based at least on the measured advance of the belt element.

A bulk material storage bin has an upright wall supporting a plurality of vertically spaced indicators providing a person with visual information regarding the level of the bulk material in the bin. The indicators have bright color and dark color surfaces that are selectively displayed to provide a person with information of the level of bulk material in the bin. An actuator located in the bin cooperates with a motion transmission apparatus to move visual members to an ON position displaying the bright color when the bulk material engages the actuator and to an OFF position displaying the dark color when the actuator is free of bulk material. The motion transmission apparatus includes a rod movably retained on an O-ring held on a mount device secured to the side wall of the bin. A yoke supporting an endless flexible member mounted on the rod is connected to the visual members whereby movement of the rod moves the visual members between the ON and OFF positions.

A fluid storage device includes a container and a torsion sensor. The container stores a fluid to be agitated. The torsion sensor has a substrate and detects torsion of the substrate. The substrate has a first end inserted in the container and a second end fixed to the container or a housing.