A system includes a beverage sensor to distinguish one or more beverage states and to communicate the distinguished one or more beverage states to a processor as gameplay control inputs to the game.

A multi-path acoustic signal apparatus, system, and apparatus for use in material detection are provided. The apparatus has a plurality of acoustic sensors positioned along a first portion of a fluid container. At least one acoustic signal is transmitted into the fluid container by each of the plurality of acoustic sensors. At least one additional acoustic sensor is positioned along a second portion of the fluid container, wherein the second portion is substantially opposite the first portion. The at least one additional acoustic sensor receives at least a portion of the acoustic signals from the plurality of acoustic sensors. A reflected acoustic signal is generated from an impedance barrier between the fluid container and a fluid therein. A characteristic of a material of the fluid container and/or the fluid therein are determined.

A multi-path acoustic signal apparatus, system, and apparatus for use in material detection are provided. The apparatus has a plurality of acoustic sensors positioned along a first portion of a fluid container. At least one acoustic signal is transmitted into the fluid container by each of the plurality of acoustic sensors. At least one additional acoustic sensor is positioned along a second portion of the fluid container, wherein the second portion is substantially opposite the first portion. The at least one additional acoustic sensor receives at least a portion of the acoustic signals from the plurality of acoustic sensors. A reflected acoustic signal is generated from an impedance barrier between the fluid container and a fluid therein. A characteristic of a material of the fluid container and/or the fluid therein are determined.

A transducer for non-invasive measurement includes: a shear-type piezoelectric element; and a host material. The shear-type piezoelectric element is mounted to a first face of the host material. A second face of the host material is mountable to a wall of a vessel that holds a liquid. When the second face of the host material is mounted to the wall of the vessel, the transducer when activated at an activation frequency launches a Lamb wave into the wall of the vessel. The transducer is designed such that a phase velocity of the Lamb wave in the wall of the vessel is greater than a speed of sound in the liquid held by the vessel.

A multi-path acoustic signal apparatus, system, and apparatus for use in material detection are provided. The method includes transmitting at least one acoustic signal from each of a plurality of acoustic transceivers positioned along a first portion of the fluid container. The at least one transmitted acoustic signal is received with at least one additional acoustic transceiver positioned along a second portion of the fluid container, wherein the second portion is substantially opposite the first portion of the fluid container. A composition of the physical material within the fluid container is determined based on the at least one received acoustic signal.

A multi-path acoustic signal apparatus, system, and apparatus for use in material detection are provided. The method includes transmitting at least one acoustic signal from each of a plurality of acoustic transceivers positioned along a first portion of the fluid container. The at least one transmitted acoustic signal is received with at least one additional acoustic transceiver positioned along a second portion of the fluid container, wherein the second portion is substantially opposite the first portion of the fluid container. A composition of the physical material within the fluid container is determined based on the at least one received acoustic signal.

A sensor includes a substrate having a curved surface, a piezoelectric element, and an adhesive disposed between the piezoelectric element and the curved surface along a vertical direction. The adhesive attaches the piezoelectric element to the substrate. The adhesive has an exterior bond surface that has a tapered shape along the vertical direction from the piezoelectric element to the curved surface.

A device may include a surface at least partially defining an enclosed region, a plurality of fluids within the enclosed region, the plurality of fluids comprising at least a first fluid having a first acoustic impedance and a second fluid having a second acoustic impedance different from the first acoustic impedance, a first piezoelectric transducer disposed on the surface, the first piezoelectric transducer being configured to generate a first wave reception signal based, at least in part, on an ultrasonic return wave received through at least one of the plurality of fluids, and a processor coupled to the first piezoelectric transducer and configured to determine a measurement of a tilt of the device based, at least in part, on the first wave reception signal.

An electrical device (10, 13), in particular a power transformer (13), a shunt reactor, or an on-load tap changer (10), comprises a housing (101, 131) that is filled or fillable with insulation oil (11, 11′); and a sensor (12) that comprises a piezo element (16) in the housing (101, 131) on a level with a minimum fill level (19, 19′) of the insulation oil (11, 11′); and an evaluation device (18) that is connected to the piezo element (16); wherein the evaluation device (18) is formed such that it can induce an oscillation of the piezo element (16);
and it can determine the fill level from a measurement of a characteristic of the oscillation, in particular the half-life period of the amplitude of the oscillation.

An airtight-level sensor includes an air pump, a sounding mechanism, and a processing device. The air pump comprises an inlet valve and an outlet valve, the sounding mechanism is disposed near the outlet valve to generate a sound wave corresponding to an airflow blown from the outlet valve, and the processing device is disposed near the sounding mechanism to receive the sound wave generated therefrom and determines an airtight-level of an airtight chamber wherein the airtight-level sensor is disposed.