An apparatus for monitoring consumption of flowing substance is provided. The apparatus, connectable to the end of a pipe where fluid is flowing, includes a generator (106) configured to generate electric power from the fluid passing through the generator, sensors (112, 114) to measure the temperature of the fluid and the amount of fluid flowing in the pipe and a processing unit (116). The apparatus detects that fluid starts flowing in the pipe at a first time instant and detects that fluid stops flowing in the pipe at a second time instant and determines the temperature of the fluid and the amount of fluid that flowed through the pipe between the first and the second time instant, stores the determined values and the time elapsed between the first and the second time instants as an entry in a memory (120); and transmits the entry.

Estimating a fuel consumption includes receiving a request for estimating the fuel consumption between a first time and a second time; estimating a first fuel consumption value in a first time interval using fuel-sender resistance data; estimating a second fuel consumption value in a second time interval using fuel-injected mass data, where the first time interval and the second time interval are consecutive, non-overlapping intervals; and combining at least the first fuel consumption value and the second fuel consumption value to obtain a fuel consumption value.

An air flow sensor for use with an air filter comprises a tubular housing with a flap that is opened by air pressure, the extent of opening increasing as the surrounding air filter becomes clogged. A terminal on the flap contacts different measurement terminals on the housing, closing individual circuits connected to an indicator, whereby a display shows when the filter is clear and when it is clogged.

For the functional testing of an arrangement for dynamic fuel consumption measurement, at least two reference flows are produced through successive operation, at different frequencies, of a system pump (6) provided in any case for the regulated fuel flow, and the gradient determined from the reference measured values obtained is compared with the known gradients of the characteristic curve of the system pump (6).

A system can include a flow measurement device positionable in a flow path for measuring a property of the fuel flowing through the flow path and a shutdown device positionable in the flow path for controlling the fuel flow through the flow path. The system can also include a computing device that is communicatively coupled to the flow measurement device for receiving the fuel flow property and from which the presence of two-phase flow or multiphase flow can be detected. The computing device is also communicatively coupled to the shutdown device for controlling fuel flow through the flow path in response to the detection of two-phase flow or multiphase flow.

A system can include a flow measurement device positionable in a flow path for measuring a property of the fuel flowing through the flow path and a shutdown device positionable in the flow path for controlling the fuel flow through the flow path. The system can also include a computing device that is communicatively coupled to the flow measurement device for receiving the fuel flow property and from which the presence of two-phase flow or multiphase flow can be detected. The computing device is also communicatively coupled to the shutdown device for controlling fuel flow through the flow path in response to the detection of two-phase flow or multiphase flow.

A method of reporting fuel consumption, the method comprising: providing a vehicle having a fuel level monitor; repeatedly measuring fuel consumption by the vehicle with the monitor; providing a server operable to generate fuel consumption reports, and transmitting the fuel consumption measurements via a communication channel between the fuel level monitor and the server.

Estimating fuel consumptions of a vehicle is disclosed. A first fuel consumption value in a first time interval is estimated using fuel-sender resistance data. A second fuel consumption value in a second time interval is estimated using fuel-injected mass data. At least the first fuel consumption value and the second fuel consumption value are combined to obtain a fuel consumption value. The fuel consumption value is then output.

An air flow sensor for use with an air filter comprises a tubular housing with a flap that is opened by air pressure, the extent of opening increasing as the surrounding air filter becomes clogged. A terminal on the flap contacts different measurement terminals on the housing, closing individual circuits connected to an indicator, whereby a display shows when the filter is clear and when it is clogged.

A method of reporting fuel consumption, the method comprising: providing a vehicle having a fuel level monitor; repeatedly measuring fuel consumption by the vehicle with the monitor; providing a server operable to generate fuel consumption reports, and transmitting the fuel consumption measurements via a communication channel between the fuel level monitor and the server.