A sensor configured to sense heat or infrared light including a substrate includes a plurality of recess portions; a cavity inside the substrate along a bottom surface and opposing side surfaces of the substrate; a lower reflective layer disposed on at least one of an upper surface of the bottom surface of the substrate, a lower surface of the bottom surface of the substrate, and a surface opposite to the lower surface of the bottom surface of the substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed inside both side surfaces of the recess portion and facing each other; a pixel structure configured to sense heat or infrared light inside the recess portion and embedded in the substrate; and a planarization layer covering the entire upper portion of the substrate.

An electronic device may include: a display having at least one hole disposed in at least a part thereof such that light from the outside can be transmitted therethrough; a light-emitting element disposed under the display and configured to output a first infrared ray to the outside; a first light-receiving element disposed under the display at a position corresponding to the at least one hole, and configured to receive a second infrared ray transmitted from the outside; a second light-receiving element disposed under the display at a position where light from the outside is shielded; and at least one processor configured to, based on that a first sensing value according to the second infrared ray, output from the first light-receiving element, satisfies a first specified condition, while the first infrared ray is output: based on that a second sensing value output from the second light-receiving element does not satisfy a second specified condition, identify that a proximate object exists, and based on that the second sensing value satisfies the second specified condition, identify that the proximate object does not exist.

A luminescent diode surface within the cold shield of an infrared camera to allow for continuous non-uniformity correction with uniform irradiance across an infrared IR detector array. Further provided by the inclusion of a luminescent diode surface within the cold shield paneling is the ability to change the diode bias providing a negative luminescent effect while utilizing reverse bias and an electro-luminescent effect while utilizing a forward bias. This may then further allow for multiple set points to provide continuous offset and gain correction and to correct non-linear response effects.

The present invention relates to an aerosol-generating device that is configured for generating an inhalable aerosol by heating an aerosol-forming substrate. The device comprises a device housing for receiving the aerosol-forming substrate and a pyrometer for determining a temperature of a heated target surface within the device housing. The invention further relates to an aerosol-generating system comprising such an aerosol-generating device and an aerosol-generating article for use with the device including an aerosol-forming substrate.

An unreleased thermopile IR sensor and method of fabrication is provided which includes a new thermally isolating material and an ultra-thin material based sensor which, in combination, provide excellent sensitivity without requiring a released membrane structure. The sensor is fabricated using a wafer transfer technique in which a substrate assembly comprising the substrate and new thermally isolating material is bonded to a carrier substrate assembly comprising a carrier substrate and the ultra-thin material, followed by removal of the carrier substrate. As such, temperature restrictions of the various materials are overcome.

An electronic device includes a housing including a first area provided to transmit light and a sensor hole formed in the first area. A circuit board is disposed inside the housing, a first sensor is connected to the circuit board, and a shield member is configured to block the sensor hole and provide a heat transfer path from exterior of the housing to the first sensor. A conductive material for heat conduction is disposed on at least a portion of the housing surrounding the sensor hole.

An improved system for measuring the temperature of a plurality of workpieces in a rotating semiconductor processing device is disclosed. Because silicon has variable emissivity in the infrared band, a temperature stable, high emissivity coating is applied to a portion of the workpiece, allowing the temperature of the workpiece to be measured by observing the temperature of the coating. Further, by limiting the amount of coating applied to the workpiece, the effect of the coating on the intrinsic temperature of the workpiece and the surrounding semiconductor processing device may be minimized. The temperature of the workpieces is measured as the workpieces pass under an aperture by capturing a thermal image of a portion of the workpiece. In certain embodiments, a controller is used to process the plurality of thermal images into a single thermal image showing all of the workpieces disposed within the semiconductor processing device.

Passive detector structures for imaging systems are provided which implement unpowered, passive front-end detector structures with direct-to-digital measurement data output for detecting incident photonic radiation in various portions (e.g., thermal (IR), near IR, UV and visible light) of the electromagnetic spectrum.

A method for measuring the strength and variation of Ying-nutrient Qi: heating tissue to a set temperature on a site near a human meridian, and then measuring infrared radiation to calculate an obscuration ratio so that a numerical representation of the strength of Ying-nutrient Qi can be obtained. A Ying-nutrient Qi measurement system, including at least two pairs of infrared temperature sensors and contact temperature sensors, a CPU, and a storage device, wherein the contact temperature sensors is in direct contact with a human body, and every infrared temperature sensor is paired with a contact temperature sensor to measure the temperature of a site. By measurement, whether a patient has blood stasis or phlegm retention can be inferred. In addition, a fluctuation condition of Ying-nutrient Qi or the relative strength of Ying-nutrient Qi/Wei-defensive Qi of different meridians can further provide auxiliary bases for syndrome differentiation of six meridians.

In a thermal infrared detector having trench structures, at least one sensor element is provided between the trench structures, an etching hole through which the sensor element is hollowed out and thereby thermally insulated is provided in a substrate rear surface or on the periphery of a pixel area, and an opening portion is provided below the pixel area.