A sensor configured to sense heat or infrared light including a substrate includes a plurality of recess portions; a cavity inside the substrate along a bottom surface and opposing side surfaces of the substrate; a lower reflective layer disposed on at least one of an upper surface of the bottom surface of the substrate, a lower surface of the bottom surface of the substrate, and a surface opposite to the lower surface of the bottom surface of the substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed inside both side surfaces of the recess portion and facing each other; a pixel structure configured to sense heat or infrared light inside the recess portion and embedded in the substrate; and a planarization layer covering the entire upper portion of the substrate.

An additive manufacturing apparatus includes a laser and a detection system. The laser emits a laser beam to heat a powder bed to form a melt pool, and the melt pool emits light proportional to a temperature of the melt pool. The detection system includes a spectral disperser and one of a) two or more on-axis sensors or b) a line scanner. The two or more on-axis sensors or the line scanner are/is located along an axis of the emitted light, the detection system receives the emitted light from the melt pool, and an intensity of the emitted light detected by the a) two or more on-axis sensors or the b) line scanner is compared with a blackbody spectral map at a particular wavelength of the emitted light to determine a temperature of the melt pool.

An additive manufacturing apparatus includes a laser and a detection system. The laser emits a laser beam to heat a powder bed to form a melt pool, and the melt pool emits light proportional to a temperature of the melt pool. The detection system includes a spectral disperser and one of a) two or more on-axis sensors or b) a line scanner. The two or more on-axis sensors or the line scanner are/is located along an axis of the emitted light, the detection system receives the emitted light from the melt pool, and an intensity of the emitted light detected by the a) two or more on-axis sensors or the b) line scanner is compared with a blackbody spectral map at a particular wavelength of the emitted light to determine a temperature of the melt pool.

A device for occupancy detection of a space includes a passive infrared (PIR) sensor having a fixed field of view; an infrared reflector positioned proximate to the PIR sensor for re-directing infrared radiation received from within the space toward the PIR sensor; an electromechanical device coupled to the infrared reflector and operative to alter a pointing angle thereof in response to a control signal; and, detection and control circuitry (or a microcontroller), coupled to the PIR sensor and the electromechanical device, operative to receive a signal from the PIR sensor indicative of motion of a person within the space, and further operative to selectively alter the pointing angle of the infrared reflector, using the electromechanical device, whereby the relative position of the person is shifted within the fixed field of view of the PIR sensor, thereby simulating motion of the person even when stationary.

Provided is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) sensor including a substrate, a magnetic resistance device on the substrate, and an LWIR absorption layer on the magnetic resistance device, wherein a resistance of the magnetic resistance device changes based on temperature, and wherein the LWIR absorption layer is configured to absorb LWIR rays and generate heat.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to apparatus for processing a substrate, and more specifically to reflector plates for rapid thermal processing. In an embodiment, a reflector plate assembly for processing a substrate is provided. The reflector plate assembly includes a reflector plate body, a plurality of sub-reflector plates disposed within the reflector plate body, and a plurality of pyrometers. A pyrometer of the plurality of pyrometers is coupled to an opening formed in a sub-reflector plate. Chambers including a reflector plate assembly are also described herein.

A traction battery for an electrically or semi-electrically driven vehicle. The traction battery includes at least one temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is configured as an infrared sensor and includes a sensor array having several sensor elements for spatially resolved detection of the temperature of a surface of one or more components of the traction battery. A deflection optic is arranged between the respective surface and the sensor array, via which optic the temperature sensor detects the respective surface.

A traction battery for an electrically or semi-electrically driven vehicle. The traction battery includes at least one temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is configured as an infrared sensor and includes a sensor array having several sensor elements for spatially resolved detection of the temperature of a surface of one or more components of the traction battery. A deflection optic is arranged between the respective surface and the sensor array, via which optic the temperature sensor detects the respective surface.

Each of first and second beams has a connection portion connected to a base substrate and a separated portion away from the base substrate, and is physically joined to an infrared receiver at the separated portion. The infrared receiver is supported by the first and second beams, and includes lower electrode, upper electrode, and a resistance change film. The resistance change film is sandwiched by the lower electrode and upper electrode in a thickness direction, each of the lower and upper electrodes is electrically connected to the resistance change film, the lower and upper electrodes are electrically connected to first wiring and second wiring, respectively, at least one electrode selected from the lower electrode and the upper electrode has a line-and-space structure, and an infrared reflection film is provided at a position on a surface of the base substrate facing the infrared receiver.

The present disclosure provides a bolometer including a substrate, a reflecting mirror on the substrate, and a temperature sensing unit above the reflecting mirror. The temperature sensing unit includes a first insulating layer, a thermistor on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the thermistor, an electrode layer in the second insulating layer and right above the thermistor, and a metal meta-surface in the second insulating layer and right above the electrode layer. The electrode layer includes a plurality of electrodes separated from each other. A projection region of the metal meta-surface on the thermistor is equal to or larger than the thermistor.