A cam portion (22) is attached to a first position (111) on a measurement target (110). A moving portion (24) is attached to a second position (112) on the measurement target (110) and is movable with respect to the cam portion (22) in an expanding/contracting direction of the measurement target (110). A strain portion (25) is attached to the moving portion (24) so as to fit along the measurement target (110), and is pressed against the cam portion (22). A strain of the strain portion (25) changes when the measurement target (110) expands or contracts and the moving portion moves (24) accordingly. An optical fiber sensor (10) has a temperature measurement portion (16) for measuring a temperature, and a strain measurement portion (17) for measuring a strain, and is attached to the strain portion (25).

A cam portion (22) is attached to a first position (111) on a measurement target (110). A moving portion (24) is attached to a second position (112) on the measurement target (110) and is movable with respect to the cam portion (22) in an expanding/contracting direction of the measurement target (110). A strain portion (25) is attached to the moving portion (24) so as to fit along the measurement target (110), and is pressed against the cam portion (22). A strain of the strain portion (25) changes when the measurement target (110) expands or contracts and the moving portion moves (24) accordingly. An optical fiber sensor (10) has a temperature measurement portion (16) for measuring a temperature, and a strain measurement portion (17) for measuring a strain, and is attached to the strain portion (25).

In the field of measuring physical parameters with a multimode optical fiber, a system for measuring P physical parameters at one or more measurement points has one or more multimode optical fibers. The system includes: a light source generating a source optical signal, a multimode measurement optical fiber transporting optical signals in at least M distinct second predetermined propagation modes, M being an integer greater than or equal to P, the measurement optical fiber including a measurement section reflecting the optical signals with a wavelength variable according to physical parameters to be measured, a detection device measuring wavelengths of the optical signals reflected by the measurement section, and an optical module generating M signals from the source optical signal, the M signals each being injected into the measurement optical fiber to propagate in one of the modes, the optical module also transferring the optical signals reflected toward the detection device.

In the field of measuring physical parameters with a multimode optical fiber, a system for measuring P physical parameters at one or more measurement points has one or more multimode optical fibers. The system includes: a light source generating a source optical signal, a multimode measurement optical fiber transporting optical signals in at least M distinct second predetermined propagation modes, M being an integer greater than or equal to P, the measurement optical fiber including a measurement section reflecting the optical signals with a wavelength variable according to physical parameters to be measured, a detection device measuring wavelengths of the optical signals reflected by the measurement section, and an optical module generating M signals from the source optical signal, the M signals each being injected into the measurement optical fiber to propagate in one of the modes, the optical module also transferring the optical signals reflected toward the detection device.

A thermal sensor module, comprising: a housing, wherein the housing comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the housing is hollow and configured to allow a fluid to flow into the housing through the first end and exit through the second end; a heat source, wherein the heat source is disposed at a central axis of the housing and traverses at least partially through the housing; and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is positioned in the housing to measure temperature of the fluid flowing in the housing.

A thermal sensor module, comprising: a housing, wherein the housing comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the housing is hollow and configured to allow a fluid to flow into the housing through the first end and exit through the second end; a heat source, wherein the heat source is disposed at a central axis of the housing and traverses at least partially through the housing; and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is positioned in the housing to measure temperature of the fluid flowing in the housing.

A temperature sensor and temperature sensing system for sensing changes m temperature up to a predetermined temperature is disclosed. The temperature sensor includes a microstructured optical fiber where the micro-structured optical fiber includes a plurality of longitudinal channels extending along the microstructured optical fiber. The sensor also includes a fiber Bragg grating formed in the microstructured optical, fiber by generating a periodic modulation in the refractive index along a core region of the microstructured optical fiber. The fiber Bragg grating is operable to produce band reflection at a reflection wavelength that varies in accordance with changes in temperature at the core region of the optical fiber.

There is provided a semiconductor device 100, comprising: at least one semiconductor chip 5, and a structure 2 thermally coupled to the at least one semiconductor chip 5, wherein the structure 2 comprises a surface located within an interior of the semiconductor device, and the surface comprises a groove 12; and a sensor 16 comprising an optical fibre 13 passing through the groove 12, wherein the sensor 16 is configured to sense a temperature of the at least one semiconductor chip 5.

There is provided a semiconductor device 100, comprising: at least one semiconductor chip 5, and a structure 2 thermally coupled to the at least one semiconductor chip 5, wherein the structure 2 comprises a surface located within an interior of the semiconductor device, and the surface comprises a groove 12; and a sensor 16 comprising an optical fibre 13 passing through the groove 12, wherein the sensor 16 is configured to sense a temperature of the at least one semiconductor chip 5.

A reactor temperature measurement system includes a Fiber Bragg Grating sensor array arranged in a body of the reactor for monitoring temperatures at multiple positions in an axial direction of the body to obtain temperature sensing optical signals; and a fiber grating demodulator, connected to the Fiber Bragg Grating sensor array, and used to demodulate the temperature sensing optical signals. A method for preparing a Fiber Bragg Grating includes preparing a Fiber Bragg Grating by using a single-mode fiber and annealing the Fiber Bragg Grating, which includes heating the Fiber Bragg Grating to a temperature above 400° C. and maintaining for 100 to 200 hours.