A method for testing physical properties of a material includes inserting coherent light into a waveguide such that the coherent light exits the waveguide at an end of the waveguide that is embedded within the material, thereby causing the coherent light to interact with the material. The method also includes detecting a reaction of the material to the coherent light.

One or more systems, devices, apparatus, computer-implemented methods, and/or system-implemented methods are provided that can facilitate artificial weathering of an object. In one example, an artificial weathering system can comprise a radiation generator configured to apply a constant radiation level to one or more surfaces of an object, and a controller configured to individually control a surface temperature at the one or more surfaces during the irradiation. The controller can be configured to maintain an ambient temperature range, that would be observed in a non-artificial environment, of a chamber containing the object during the irradiation. In another example, an artificial weathering system can comprise a controller configured to control an effect of radiation received at one or more surfaces of an object by controlling airflow directed towards the one or more surfaces, where the airflow is controlled based upon a surface temperature at the one or more surfaces.

The invention provides novel methods to place a complete package system filled with a sample into a light exposure chamber as a complete unit with periodic monitoring of the contents of the packaging system. Through this approach, it can be determined how the components of a complete package system perform collectively to influence its photoprotective performance enabling a first ever method to quantitate these impacts. In turn this will allow for package designs to be optimized for the photoprotection performances, for the impacts of packaging production defects to be explored, and for the influence of packaging form (e.g., surface area to volume ratio) to be determined. Such capabilities allow a first ever means to optimize package systems for photoprotective performance.

An apparatus for artificial weathering or lightfastness testing of samples comprises a weathering chamber, a first light source provided in the weathering chamber, the first light source comprising one or more fluorescent UV lamps each comprising an emission spectrum with a maximum wavelength below a predetermined wavelength, and a second light source provided in the weathering chamber, the second light source comprising one or more light emitting diodes each comprising an emission spectrum with a maximum wavelength above the predetermined wavelength.

An exterior aircraft lighting device comprises: at least one light source; an optical element having a light entry side facing the at least one light source and a light exit side and being configured for modifying light emitted by the at least one light source; at least one photo detector, which is configured and arranged for detecting a portion of the light emitted by the at least one light source, which is reflected by the light entry side of the at least one optical element, the photo detector providing a detection value, representing the amount of detected light; and a control and evaluation unit which is configured for evaluating the state of wear of the at least one light source based on the detection value provided by the at least one photo detector.

A semiconductor device disclosed in an embodiment comprises: a light emitting unit comprising a light emitting structure layer which has a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, a second conductivity type semiconductor layer, and an active layer between the first conductivity type semiconductor layer and the second conductivity type semiconductor layer; and a sensor unit disposed on the light emitting unit, wherein the sensor unit comprises: a sensing material changing in resistance with light emitted by the light emitting unit; a first sensor electrode comprising a first pad portion and a first extension part extending from the first pad portion and contacting the sensing material; and a second sensor electrode comprising a first pad portion and a second extension part extending toward the first extension part from the second pad portion and contacting the sensing material. The sensor unit senses an external gas in response to the light generated from the light emitting unit.

The sensor device (100) has a sensor housing (110), to which at least two sensors from a group consisting of a black standard sensor (120), a UV radiation sensor (130), an air temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are connected.

A quality evaluation method includes an acquisition step of acquiring spectral data related to transmitted light or diffusely reflected light from a cell mass by irradiating the cell mass with measurement light including near-infrared light, and an evaluation step of evaluating quality of the cell mass, based on the spectral data of the cell mass acquired in the acquisition step.

An apparatus for artificial weathering or lightfastness testing of samples or for simulating solar radiation, the apparatus comprises a weathering chamber, an electrodeless lamp provided in the weathering chamber and comprising a bulb filled with a composition that emits light when in a plasma state, and a radio frequency source being arranged so that it radiate a radio frequency field into the bulb to generate a luminous plasma for emitting a radiation comprising spectral emission characteristics similar to natural solar radiation.

An apparatus for artificial weathering or lightfastness testing of samples or for simulating solar radiation, the apparatus comprising a weathering chamber, a UV light source provided in the weathering chamber, and a fluorescent material arranged to be radiated by a UV radiation emitted by the UV light source, the fluorescent material being configured to emit a fluorescent radiation comprising spectral emission characteristics similar to natural solar radiation.