Techniques for determining rheological properties of a fluid include actuating a resonator disposed in a volume that contains a fluid sample to operate the resonator in the fluid sample at a predetermined actuation scheme; measuring at least one characteristic of the resonator based on the operation of the resonator in the fluid sample; comparing the at least one measured characteristic to a rheological model that associates characteristics of the fluid sample to one or more rheological properties; and based on the comparison, determining one or more rheological properties of the fluid sample.

Disclosed are an apparatus for measuring an in-situ crosslink density includes a support configured to fix or support a cross-linkable structure, a light source configured to irradiate light for crosslinking to the cross-linkable structure, and a probe configured to provide in-situ micro-deformation to the cross-linkable structure, wherein the in-situ crosslink density of the cross-linkable structure is measured from a stress-strain phase lag of the cross-linkable structure by the in-situ micro-deformation, a method of measuring the in-situ crosslink density, a method of manufacturing a crosslinked product, a crosslinked product obtained by the method, and a polymer substrate and an electronic device including the crosslinked product.

A method for measuring a rheological property of a drilling fluid by using a curved pipe on site includes: step 1: deriving relationship constants between friction coefficients of a drilling fluid through offline checking; step 2: calculating R.sub.ei according to f.sub.ci; step 3: calculating an actual shear stress τw.sub.i and a shear rate γ.sub.i of the drilling fluid in the on-site curved pipe according to the relationship constants and R.sub.ei; step 4: establishing a plurality of on-site models according to τw.sub.i and γ.sub.i; step 5: determining an optimal on-site model according to correlations between τw.sub.i and predicted shear stresses of the plurality of on-site models; and step 6: performing on-site measurement on the rheological property of the drilling fluid according to the optimal on-site model. The method avoids inaccurate rheological measurement due to different types of drilling fluids and improves the measurement accuracy for different types of drilling fluids.

The invention relates to a method for determining the intrinsic viscosity [η] of an aqueous polymer solution at a temperature T, wherein the aqueous polymer solution comprises at least one acrylamide-based polymer in an aqueous solvent, the aqueous solvent having a salinity of from 6 to 250 g/L, the method comprising the steps of: —providing a single universal relation R.sub.1 between (i), the product of polymer concentration and intrinsic viscosity C.Math.[η], and (ii) specific viscosity at zero shear rate η.sub.sp; —performing a measurement of the dynamic viscosity of the aqueous polymer solution at one polymer concentration C.sub.1, at temperature T and at various shear rates; —determining from said measurement the zero-shear viscosity η.sub.0 of the aqueous polymer solution at polymer concentration C.sub.1 and at temperature T; —calculating the specific viscosity at zero shear rate of the aqueous polymer solution at polymer concentration C and at temperature T as η.sub.sp=(η.sub.0−η.sub.s)/η.sub.s, where η.sub.s is the zero-shear viscosity of the aqueous solvent; —estimating the intrinsic viscosity [η] of the aqueous polymer solution at temperature T by applying the universal relation R.sub.1 to the calculated specific viscosity at zero shear rate η.sub.sp and polymer concentration C.sub.1.

The invention relates to a device and a method for a contactless analysis of a product, in particular for the contactless analysis of a dough product. The device comprises a distance sensor configured for measuring a distance between the device and the product, and a nozzle configured for directing a jet of pressurized fluid to a position on a surface of said product. The distance sensor is arranged for measuring the distance between the device and the position of the surface where the jet of pressurized fluid is directed to. Preferably, the distance sensor is at least partially arranged in the nozzle, preferably substantially in the center of said nozzle.

The present application relates to a method for quantitative analysis of a polymer structure. Specifically, the method may be carried out through steps of measuring rheological properties and/or molecular weight distribution of the arbitrarily selected polymer, setting a random value for the selected polymer and then predicting the rheological property and/or the molecular weight distribution of the polymer from the random value, and comparing the measured value with the predicted value to determine the value of the structural parameter of the polymer.

Techniques for determining rheological properties of a fluid include actuating a resonator disposed in a volume that contains a fluid sample to operate the resonator in the fluid sample at a predetermined actuation scheme; measuring at least one characteristic of the resonator based on the operation of the resonator in the fluid sample; comparing the at least one measured characteristic to a rheological model that associates characteristics of the fluid sample to one or more rheological properties; and based on the comparison, determining one or more rheological properties of the fluid sample.

Disclosed are an apparatus for measuring an in-situ crosslink density includes a support configured to fix or support a cross-linkable structure, a light source configured to irradiate light for crosslinking to the cross-linkable structure, and a probe configured to provide in-situ micro-deformation to the cross-linkable structure, wherein the in-situ crosslink density of the cross-linkable structure is measured from a stress-strain phase lag of the cross-linkable structure by the in-situ micro-deformation, a method of measuring the in-situ crosslink density, a method of manufacturing a crosslinked product, a crosslinked product obtained by the method, and a polymer substrate and an electronic device including the crosslinked product.

The invention relates to a method for determining the intrinsic viscosity [η] of an aqueous polymer solution at a temperature T, wherein the aqueous polymer solution comprises at least one acrylamide-based polymer in an aqueous solvent, the aqueous solvent having a salinity of from 6 to 250 g/L, the method comprising the steps of: —providing a single universal relation R.sub.1 between (i), the product of polymer concentration and intrinsic viscosity C.Math.[η], and (ii) specific viscosity at zero shear rate η.sub.sp; —performing a measurement of the dynamic viscosity of the aqueous polymer solution at one polymer concentration C.sub.1, at temperature T and at various shear rates; —determining from said measurement the zero-shear viscosity η.sub.0 of the aqueous polymer solution at polymer concentration C.sub.1 and at temperature T; —calculating the specific viscosity at zero shear rate of the aqueous polymer solution at polymer concentration C and at temperature T as η.sub.sp=(η.sub.0−η.sub.s)/η.sub.s, where η.sub.s is the zero-shear viscosity of the aqueous solvent; —estimating the intrinsic viscosity [η] of the aqueous polymer solution at temperature T by applying the universal relation R.sub.1 to the calculated specific viscosity at zero shear rate η.sub.sp and polymer concentration C.sub.1.

Techniques for determining rheological properties of a fluid include actuating a resonator disposed in a volume that contains a fluid sample to operate the resonator in the fluid sample at a predetermined actuation scheme; measuring at least one characteristic of the resonator based on the operation of the resonator in the fluid sample; comparing the at least one measured characteristic to a rheological model that associates characteristics of the fluid sample to one or more rheological properties; and based on the comparison, determining one or more rheological properties of the fluid sample.