The present invention provides a plasma treatment detection indicator including a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, exhibiting excellent heat resistance, with the gasification of the color-changing layer or the scattering of the fine debris of the color-changing layer caused by the plasma treatment being suppressed to the extent that electronic device properties are not affected. Specifically, the present invention provides a plasma treatment detection indicator comprising a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the color-changing layer comprising metal oxide fine particles containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi, the metal oxide fine particles having a mean particle size of 50 μm or less.

A method for detecting the presence of an analyte (1) in a solution (2) comprising: providing at least a first and a second probes (A, B) different from each other, each probe (A,B) comprising a nanoparticle conjugated with a receptor specific to the analyte (1); contacting the solution (2) suspected of including the analyte (1) with the first and the second probes (A, B) to form a sample solution (3), wherein the sample solution (3) comprises aggregates (4) comprising the analyte (1) combined with the first and the second probes (A, B); illuminating the sample solution (3) with a light source having at least a first and a second exciting wavelengths (λ.sub.eA, λ.sub.eB) different from each other wherein the first and the second wavelength are chosen to get specific optical responses from the first probe (A) and the second probe (B) respectively when illuminated; detecting as a function of time the light scattered by the first probe (A) at a first detection wavelength (λ.sub.dA) and the light scattered by the second probe (B) at a second detection wavelength (λ.sub.dB) to get a first signal and a second signal respectively; and detecting temporal coincidences between said first signal and second signal.

Invention describes a method and a device for testing toxicity of a test sample. The method comprises at least the steps of: providing an aliquot or a volume of light producing test reagent liquid in a reagent vial, moistening a control swab with the light producing test reagent liquid, moistening a test swab with the test sample, moistening the test swab with the light producing test reagent liquid, reading luminescence of the control swab in a luminometer and thereby obtaining a luminescence value of a control sample, reading luminescence of the test swab in the luminometer and obtaining a luminescence value of the test sample, calculating the toxicity of the test sample by comparing the luminescence value of the control sample to the luminescence value of the test sample. According to the invention the moistenings of the control swab and the test swab with the light producing test reagent liquid are done with the same aliquot of light producing test reagent liquid in the same reagent vial.”

The present invention provides an ink composition for forming a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the ink composition exhibiting excellent heat resistance, with the gasification of the color-changing layer or the scattering of the fine debris of the color-changing layer caused by plasma treatment being suppressed to the extent that electronic device properties are not affected. The invention provides an ink composition for forming a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the ink composition comprising metal oxide particles containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi, and a binder resin.

An optical waveguide interferometer cartridge system and related methods are provided. The optical waveguide interferometer cartridge system includes a cartridge housing comprising an interferometric chip and a flow cell wafer as well as an alignment means for aligning the cartridge system within the interferometric system.

A biological specimen containing a chemiluminescence substance that generates chemiluminescence is observed in a living state under a microscope. The microscope includes a light source that outputs control light that changes the state of the chemiluminescence, a defining unit that defines the radiation pattern of the control light with which an observation surface of the biological specimen is irradiated, and a detector that detects the chemiluminescence from the biological specimen.

Provided is a method of inspecting a growth quality of a graphene layer of a graphene-grown copper foil obtained by growing the graphene layer on a copper foil layer by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), the method including reacting oxygen or water molecules with the copper foil layer via a defect portion of the graphene layer, partitioning an entire region of the graphene-grown copper foil into partial regions, sequentially obtaining images of the partial regions, detecting, with respect to each of the images of the partial regions, an oxidized region where the copper foil layer is oxidized, and setting the oxidized region as a graphene defect region, and obtaining a ratio of an area of the graphene defect region to an entire area of each of the images of the partial regions.

A method for detecting the presence of an analyte (1) in a solution (2) comprising: providing at least a first and a second probes (A, B) different from each other, each probe (A,B) comprising a nanoparticle conjugated with a receptor specific to the analyte (1); contacting the solution (2) suspected of including the analyte (1) with the first and the second probes (A, B) to form a sample solution (3), wherein the sample solution (3) comprises aggregates (4) comprising the analyte (1) combined with the first and the second probes (A, B); illuminating the sample solution (3) with a light source having at least a first and a second exciting wavelengths (.sub.eA, .sub.eB) different from each other wherein the first and the second wavelength are chosen to get specific optical responses from the first probe (A) and the second probe (B) respectively when illuminated; detecting as a function of time the light scattered by the first probe (A) at a first detection wavelength (.sub.dA) and the light scattered by the second probe (B) at a second detection wavelength (.sub.dB) to get a first signal and a second signal respectively; and detecting temporal coincidences between said first signal and second signal.

A biological specimen containing a chemiluminescence substance that generates chemiluminescence is observed in a living state under a microscope. The microscope includes a light source that outputs control light that changes the state of the chemiluminescence, a defining unit that defines the radiation pattern of the control light with which an observation surface of the biological specimen is irradiated, and a detector that detects the chemiluminescence from the biological specimen.

The present invention provides an ink composition for forming a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the ink composition exhibiting excellent heat resistance, with the gasification of the color-changing layer or the scattering of the fine debris of the color-changing layer caused by plasma treatment being suppressed to the extent that electronic device properties are not affected. The invention provides an ink composition for forming a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the ink composition comprising metal oxide particles containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi, and a binder resin.