This invention relates to retrievable measuring cell for optical measurements in gas, the cell being defined by a gas conducting pipe having an input end adapted to be connected to a gas flow input intruding gas into the cell and an output end adapted to be connected to a gas flow output. The pipe ends also being adapted to be coupled to optical components including an optical transmitter transmitting light into said cell and an optical receiver adapted to receive light having passed through said cell, the optical beam in said cell having a predetermined shape, the optical components including a light source, at least two minors and a light receiver being mounted in known positions on an external frame covered by the pipe ends. The cell has an elongated shape corresponding to the optical beam shape.

A particle sensor is described. The particle sensor includes a laser module having a laser, and a detector configured to detect thermal radiation. The particle sensor has an optical apparatus that is configured to focus laser light proceeding from the laser module into a first spot and is configured to focus thermal radiation proceeding from the first spot into a second spot, a radiation-sensitive surface of the detector being located in the second spot, or behind the second spot in the beam path of the thermal radiation focused onto the second spot.

The present disclosure is for a tool and a method using or making the tool for detection of production or formation water in drilling fluid. The tool includes a sampling chamber to receive a bypass line from a flow line at a well site. The tool further includes spectroscopy components to perform spectroscopy of the drilling fluid bypassed from a flow line into the bypass line. Processing components are provided in the tool to process spectra from the spectroscopy of the drilling fluid and to generate data associated with at least identification formation or production water in the drilling fluid. The tool includes a communication module to transmit the data externally from the tool.

The disclosure provides an instrument for determining the contents of a mixed-phase flow, such as that of a petroleum line. The instrument can use far-infrared, mid-infrared laser spectroscopy, Fourier transform spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy methods to determine the components of a mixture, and report the contents to a user.

A device for measuring a strand that is tubular includes a first radiation source to emit terahertz radiation in a first measurement region from an inside onto an inner surface of the strand. A first radiation receiver receives terahertz radiation reflected by the strand in a second measurement region. A first evaluation apparatus determines at least one geometric parameter of the strand in the first measurement region. A second radiation source emits terahertz radiation in the second measurement region from an outside onto an outer surface of the strand. A second radiation receiver receives terahertz radiation reflected by the strand in the second measurement region. A second evaluation apparatus determines at least one geometric parameter of the strand in the second measurement region. A third evaluation apparatus determines a change in the at least one geometric parameter of the strand between the first and second measurement regions.

A gas component measuring device includes: a cyclone including a gas inlet; and a laser gas analyzer configured to take, in the cyclone, a measurement of a component of a subject gas that contains particulate matter and is introduced into the cyclone through the gas inlet.

System and methods for sensing fluid characteristics of peritoneal dialysate infused into and removed from a patient during treatment are provided. The systems and methods can use an optical sensor including a transmitter light source operable to emit light through a fluid flow path and an optical receiver operable to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the transmitter light source.

The present invention relates to a chemical element analysis device and method for contaminants in a liquid. The chemical element analysis device for contaminants in a liquid according to the present invention comprises: a sample storage unit 10 for storing a sampled liquid sample 1; a laser unit 20 for emitting a laser beam 21: 21a, 21b, and 21c and irradiating the laser beam 21 to the sample 1: 1a, 1b, and 1c sprayed from the sample storage unit 10; and a spectrometer 30 for collecting plasma light 31: 31a, 31b, and 31c generated by irradiating the laser beam 21 to the sample 1, and measuring a spectrum of the plasma light 31.

Gas detection apparatus for the detection of a target gas in a gas mixture, having a radiation source, a first measurement chamber and a second measurement chamber, as well as a first and second measurement detector. A first gas mixture flows through the first measurement chamber, and a second gas mixture flows through the second measurement chamber. Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source passes initially through the first measurement chamber and subsequently through the second measurement chamber. The first measurement detector registers a physical effect in the first measurement chamber, this physical effect correlating with the intensity of the radiation passing through the first measurement chamber, and generates a first signal correlating with the physical effect. The second measurement detector is correspondingly configured for the second measurement chamber. A second measurement point is thus provided without requiring a second radiation source.

Hydrocarbon condensate detection and control. The hydrocarbon condensate detection and control system includes detecting hydrocarbon in an aqueous mixture by sensing fluorescence, turbidity, and color of the aqueous mixture and controlling the flow of the aqueous mixture based on the hydrocarbon content of the aqueous mixture.