The disclosure relates to system and method for determining at least one property of a porous medium and includes performing a first measurement on a sample of the porous medium obtaining an optical path through pores of the porous medium using a first sensor applied utilizing a first optical technology; performing a second measurement on the sample of the porous medium obtaining a total optical path through the porous medium using a second sensor utilizing a second optical technology different from the first optical technology; and calculating an optical porosity of the porous medium based on the optical path through the pores and the total optical path through the porous medium.

Modulation-encoded light, using different spectral bin coded light components, can illuminate a stationary or moving (relative) target object or scene. Response signal processing can use information about the respective different time-varying modulation functions, to decode to recover information about a respective response parameter affected by the target object or scene. Electrical or optical modulation encoding can be used. LED-based spectroscopic analysis of a composition of a target (e.g., SpO2, glucose, etc.) can be performed; such can optionally include decoding of encoded optical modulation functions. Baffles or apertures or optics can be used, such as to constrain light provided by particular LEDs. Coded light illumination can be used with a focal plane array light imager receiving response light for inspecting a moving semiconductor or other target. Encoding can use orthogonal functions, such as an RGB illumination sequence, or a sequence of combinations of spectrally contiguous or non-contiguous colors.

Exemplary systems, devices, methods, apparatus and computer-accessible media for providing and/or utilizing optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) and fluorescence of structures and, e.g., multimodality imaging using OFDI techniques and fluorescence imaging techniques are described. For example, an arrangement can provide at least one electro-magnetic radiation to an anatomical structure. Such exemplary arrangement can include at least one optical core and at least one cladding at least partially surrounding the fiber(s). A region between the optical core(s) and the cladding(s) can have an index that is different from indexes of the optical core(s) and the cladding(s). The arrangement can also include at least one apparatus which is configured to transmit the radiation(s) via the optical core(s) and the cladding(s) to the anatomical structure.

A tomographic imaging system includes a light source, a light irradiation unit that irradiates light to a transparent material composite thin film sample and a reference mirror and acquires an interference signal between light reflected and scattered from the sample and light reflected from the reference mirror, a light measuring unit that measures the interference signal acquired by the light irradiation unit, a light transmission unit that transmits the light output from the light source to the light irradiation unit and transmits the interference signal of the light transmitted from the light irradiation unit to the light measuring unit; and a signal processing apparatus that converts the interference signal of the sample, outputs the converted interference signal as a tomographic image, and monitors the interference signal acquired by the light irradiation unit to modulate intensity and a polarization state of the light input to the light irradiation unit.

A system that includes an interference device including a reference arm on which a reflective surface is arranged, where the interference device produces, at each point of an imaging field when the sample is placed on a target arm of the interference device, interference between a reference wave and a target wave obtained by backscattering of incident light waves by means of a voxel of a slice of the sample at a given depth; an acquisition device suitable for acquiring, at a fixed path length difference between the target arm and the reference arm, a temporal series of N two-dimensional interferometric signals resulting from the interference produced at each point of the imaging field; and a processing unit that calculates an image representing temporal variations in intensity between said N two-dimensional interferometric signals.

A classification training method for training classifiers adapted to identify specific mutations associated with different cancer including identifying driver mutations. First cells from mutation cell lines derived from conditions having the number of driver mutations are acquired and 3D image feature data from the number of first cells is identified. 3D cell imaging data from the number of first cells and from other malignant cells is generated, where cell imaging data includes a number of first individual cell images. A second set of 3D cell imaging data is generated from a set of normal cells where the number of driver mutations are expected to occur, where the second set of cell imaging data includes second individual cell images. Supervised learning is conducted based on cell line status as ground truth to generate a classifier.

Various embodiments include reflective-mode Fourier ptychographic microscope (RFPM) apparatuses and methods for using the RFPM. In one example, the RFPM includes a multiple-component light source configured to direct radiation to a surface. The multiple-component light source has a number of individual-light sources, each of which is configured to be activated individually. The RFPM further includes collection optics to receive radiation reflected and scattered or otherwise redirected from the surface, and a sensor element to convert received light-energy from the collection optics into an electrical-signal output. Other apparatuses, designs, and methods are disclosed.

Exemplary optical scanner apparatus, method and computer-accessible medium for obtaining information regarding the sample can be provided. In certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical scanner, method and computer-accessible medium can utilize a container configured to hold the sample which is provided in a fluid. A light source can be provided which is configured to emit a light radiation to the container and the sample. Further, with an optic taper, it is possible to receive, taper and combine substantially parallel beams of an output radiation exiting the sample. The output radiation can be provided in response to an irradiation of the sample by the light radiation. Further, using a light detector, it is possible to receive and detect the combined tapered parallel beams so as to obtain the information regarding the sample.

To optimize an imaging range in a depth direction in terms of a relationship with a resolution, an OCT apparatus includes a signal processor that determines a reflected light intensity distribution of an imaging object on the basis of a spectrum of a detected interference light. The signal processor performs spectrum conversion, having a conversion characteristic with which a light source spectrum is converted to a Gaussian distribution curve, on the spectrum of the interference light, and determines the reflected light intensity distribution by Fourier-transforming a spectrum resulting from the spectrum conversion. In the conversion characteristic, the light source spectrum and the Gaussian distribution curve have center wavelengths differing from each other.

Provided is an evaluation method for a biological tissue that enables dynamics of the biological tissue to be quantitatively evaluated. In the evaluation method of the present embodiment, an optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal indicating a state of a biological tissue provided as a sample is acquired, a signal value based on the OCT signal is acquired at an observation point in the sample, and a temporal variation characteristic value indicating a temporal variation characteristic of the signal value within a predetermined period is calculated. The present embodiment can also be implemented with an evaluation device or even with a program.