A liquid refining apparatus is disclosed. The liquid refining apparatus includes a substrate, a loader which is formed on the substrate and configured to receive a first liquid, a filter which is configured to reduce a concentration of at least one substance contained in the first liquid to obtain a second liquid with a reduced concentration of the at least one substance, a reactor which is configured to mix the second liquid with a reactant for target substance detection to obtain a third liquid containing, among a plurality of substances contained in the second liquid, a first substance which undergoes a predetermined reaction with the reactant and a second substance which does not undergo the predetermined reaction with the reactant, and a separator which is configured to separate the first substance and the second substance.

A Raman Testing System and Method is disclosed that uses chemical analysis to detect the chemical signature of the proteins and nucleic acids associated with pathogens coupled with machine learning to adjust to existing and potential variants of the pathogen.

A contact-type endoscope surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probe includes a gradient-index (GRIN) lens, a transparent substrate adhered to the GRIN lens, and a rough metallic layer adhered to an opposite side of the transparent substrate from the GRIN lens. The GRIN lens focuses light from a Raman spectrometer onto the rough metallic layer, and the rough metallic layer is positioned at the distal end of the contact-type endoscope SERS probe.

A system for assembling fields from a source substrate onto a second substrate. The source substrate includes fields. The system further includes a transfer chuck that is used to pick at least four of the fields from the source substrate in parallel to be transferred to the second substrate, where the relative positions of the at least four of the fields is predetermined.

A method for sample analysis that employs a signal-amplifying nanosensor is provided. An implementation of the present method may include a) obtaining a sample, b) applying the sample to a signal-amplifying nanosensor containing a capture agent that binds to an analyte of interest, under conditions suitable for binding of the analyte in a sample to the capture agent, c) washing the signal-amplifying nanosensor, and d) reading the signal-amplifying nanosensor, thereby obtaining a measurement of the amount of the analyte in the sample. In some embodiments, the analyte may be a biomarker, an environmental marker, or a foodstuff marker. Also provided herein are kits that find use in performing the present method.

An integrated fluid ejection and imaging system may include a fluid ejector to eject a droplet of fluid onto a deposition site on a target, an imager to image the deposition site and a packaging supporting the fluid ejector and imager such that the fluid ejector and the imager are concurrently aimed at the deposition site on the target.

A general purpose sensor architecture integrating a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate, a diffractive laser beam delivery substrate and a diffractive infrared detection substrate is provided that can be used to implement a low-cost, compact lab-on-a-chip biosensor that can meet the needs of large-scale infectious disease testing. The sensor architecture can also be used in any other application in which molecules present in the liquid, gaseous or solid phases need to be characterized reliably, cost-effectively and with minimal intervention by highly skilled personnel.

A method for analyzing 2D material thin film and a system for analyzing 2D material thin film are disclosed. The detection method includes the following steps: capturing sample images of 2D material thin films; measuring the 2D material thin films by a Raman spectrometer; performing a visible light hyperspectral algorithm on the sample images by a processor to generate a plurality of visible light hyperspectral images; performing a training and validation procedure, performing an image feature algorithm on the visible light hyperspectral images, and establishing a thin film prediction model based on a validation; and capturing a thin-film image to be measured by the optical microscope, performing the visible light hyperspectral algorithm, and then generating a distribution result of the thin-film image to be measured according to an analysis of the thin film prediction model.

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for Raman spectroscopy are described. In certain implementations, a spectrometer is provided. The spectrometer may include a plurality of optical elements, comprising an entrance aperture, a collimating element, a volume phase holographic grating, a focusing element, and a detector array. The plurality of optical elements are configured to transfer the light beam from the entrance aperture to the detector array with a high transfer efficiency over a preselected spectral band.

The present invention relates to a surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate and a method of fabricating the same. More particularly, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate according to an embodiment includes a substrate; a lower plasmonic layer formed on the substrate and based on a first metal nanostructure; an oxide layer formed on the lower plasmonic layer; and an upper plasmonic layer formed on the oxide layer and based on a second metal nanostructure.