A method for detection and analysis of an external event occurring on an automotive glazing that includes receiving a signal with characteristic information of at least one electrical signal resulting from an occurrence of the external event on the automotive glazing. The method further includes applying the signal with characteristic information to a computer-implemented classification model, where for each of one or more quantities related to the characteristic information, a prediction is made of a value of a parameter indicative of the external event. The method further includes deriving a decision on whether to replace or repair based on the value of the parameter from the predictions.

A method for detection and analysis of an external event occurring on an automotive glazing that includes receiving a signal with characteristic information of at least one electrical signal resulting from an occurrence of the external event on the automotive glazing. The method further includes applying the signal with characteristic information to a computer-implemented classification model, where for each of one or more quantities related to the characteristic information, a prediction is made of a value of a parameter indicative of the external event. The method further includes deriving a decision on whether to replace or repair based on the value of the parameter from the predictions.

An evaluation method includes a step of disposing a sensitive color plate between two polarization plates disposed in a crossed Nicols shape, a step of disposing a measurement material that is a transparent material containing a nanowire between any of one polarization plate or the other polarization plate of the polarization plates and the sensitive color plate, a step of making white light incident from a side of one of the disposed polarization plates, a step of observing a color of the measurement material from a side of the other polarization plate, and a step of evaluating an orientation direction of the nanowire from the color of the measurement material obtained by observation.

An evaluation method includes a step of disposing a sensitive color plate between two polarization plates disposed in a crossed Nicols shape, a step of disposing a measurement material that is a transparent material containing a nanowire between any of one polarization plate or the other polarization plate of the polarization plates and the sensitive color plate, a step of making white light incident from a side of one of the disposed polarization plates, a step of observing a color of the measurement material from a side of the other polarization plate, and a step of evaluating an orientation direction of the nanowire from the color of the measurement material obtained by observation.

Apparatus, systems, and methods for the inspection of holes in transparent materials, the apparatus including a processor, an illumination probe, and a detection probe. The illumination probe includes a laser light source and a reflective surface and is configured to be inserted into a first hole in the transparent material. The detection probe includes a second reflective surface and a photodetector and is configured to be inserted in a second hole in the transparent material. Laser light is directed onto the first reflective surface within the first hole and is reflected through a wall of the first hole, into the transparent material, and reflected by the second reflective surface to the photodetector. The photodetector transmits a measured light intensity value to the processor, which compares the light intensity value to a standard intensity value to determine whether or not a crazing condition exists in the second hole.

Apparatus, systems, and methods for the inspection of holes in transparent materials, the apparatus including a processor, an illumination probe, and a detection probe. The illumination probe includes a laser light source and a reflective surface and is configured to be inserted into a first hole in the transparent material. The detection probe includes a second reflective surface and a photodetector and is configured to be inserted in a second hole in the transparent material. Laser light is directed onto the first reflective surface within the first hole and is reflected through a wall of the first hole, into the transparent material, and reflected by the second reflective surface to the photodetector. The photodetector transmits a measured light intensity value to the processor, which compares the light intensity value to a standard intensity value to determine whether or not a crazing condition exists in the second hole.

Apparatuses and methods are described for detecting inclusions in glass. The apparatuses and methods employ a laser that is configured to project a laser sheet at a first angle from one side of a glass sheet, and a camera configured to capture images from a second angle from another side of the glass sheet. The glass sheet is moved thorough the laser sheet while the camera captures images. One or more processing devices execute image processing algorithms to identify areas of the glass sheet containing inclusions based on the captured images. In some examples, the identified areas of the glass sheet are revisited to confirm they contain inclusions.

Apparatuses and methods are described for detecting inclusions in glass. The apparatuses and methods employ a laser that is configured to project a laser sheet at a first angle from one side of a glass sheet, and a camera configured to capture images from a second angle from another side of the glass sheet. The glass sheet is moved thorough the laser sheet while the camera captures images. One or more processing devices execute image processing algorithms to identify areas of the glass sheet containing inclusions based on the captured images. In some examples, the identified areas of the glass sheet are revisited to confirm they contain inclusions.

A method for inspecting a transparent workpiece comprises: directing light from an illumination source onto a plurality of defects formed in the transparent workpiece, wherein the plurality of defects extends in a defect direction, wherein the transparent workpiece comprises a first surface and a second surface; detecting a scattering image signal from light scattered by the plurality of defects using an imaging system, wherein an imaging axis of the imaging system extends at a non-zero imaging angle relative to the defect direction, wherein entireties of at least a subset of the plurality of defects are within a depth of field of the imaging system; and generating a three-dimensional image of at least one of the plurality of defects based on the scattering signal.

A method for inspecting a transparent workpiece comprises: directing light from an illumination source onto a plurality of defects formed in the transparent workpiece, wherein the plurality of defects extends in a defect direction, wherein the transparent workpiece comprises a first surface and a second surface; detecting a scattering image signal from light scattered by the plurality of defects using an imaging system, wherein an imaging axis of the imaging system extends at a non-zero imaging angle relative to the defect direction, wherein entireties of at least a subset of the plurality of defects are within a depth of field of the imaging system; and generating a three-dimensional image of at least one of the plurality of defects based on the scattering signal.