Provided herein is an apparatus for assessing a fluorescence characteristic of a gemstone. The apparatus comprises an optically opaque platform for supporting a gemstone to be assessed, one or more light source to provide uniform UV and non-UV illumination, an image capturing component, and a telecentric lens positioned to provide fluorescent images of the illuminated gemstone to the image capturing component. Also provided are methods of fluorescence analysis based on images collected using such an apparatus.

Provided are a concentration measuring method of an optically active substance and a concentration measuring device of an optically active substance, which can easily and accurately measure a concentration of the optically active substance in aqueous humor. The concentration measuring method of an optically active substance includes: a first step of measuring a polarization state of a first reflected light that is obtained by irradiating an aqueous humor in an eye with an incidence light which is polarized and reflecting the incidence light at an interface between the aqueous humor and a lens, in which the polarization state of the first reflected light is measured by irradiating a first incidence light such that an angle between a normal line to a point where the incidence light intersects a surface of the lens, and the incidence light is equal to or smaller than a Brewster angle; a second step of measuring a polarization state of a second reflected light by irradiating with a second incidence light such that an angle of the incidence light is equal to or larger than the Brewster angle; a third step of calculating an optical rotation of the aqueous humor with information on the polarization state of the first reflected light and information on the polarization state of the second reflected light; and a fourth step of calculating a concentration of an optically active substance in the aqueous humor from the optical rotation of the aqueous humor.

A photoplethysmographic (PPG) device is disclosed. The PPG device can include one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors to generate the multiple light paths for measuring a PPG signal and perfusion indices of a user. The multiple light paths between each pair of light emitters and light detectors can include different separation distances to generate both an accurate PPG signal and a perfusion index value to accommodate a variety of users and usage conditions. In some examples, the multiple light paths can include the same separation distances for noise cancellation due to artifacts resulting from, for example, tilt and/or pull of the device, a user's hair, a user's skin pigmentation, and/or motion. The PPG device can further include one or more lenses and/or reflectors to increase the signal strength and/or and to obscure the optical components and associated wiring from being visible to a user's eye.

Diffraction-based imaging systems are described. Aspects of the technology relate to imaging systems having one or more sensors inclined at angles with respect to a sample plane. In some cases, multiple sensors may be used that are, or are not, inclined at angles. The imaging systems may have no optical lenses and are capable of reconstructing microscopic images of large sample areas from diffraction patterns recorded by the one or more sensors. Some embodiments may reduce mechanical complexity of a diffraction-based imaging system. A diffractive imaging system comprises a light source, a sample support configured to hold a sample along a first plane, and a first sensor comprising a plurality of pixels disposed in a second plane that is tilted at an inclined angle relative to the first plane. The first sensor is arranged to record diffraction images of the light source from the sample.

A method comprises: aspirating a sample through a needle capillary into a chamber having first and second windows, the capillary and chamber both affixed to a moveable robotic arm; causing a light beam generated by a light source that is affixed to the robotic arm to pass through the sample between the windows; detecting, using a photodetector that is affixed to the robotic arm, a quantity of the light that passes through the sample and the windows; determining an optical absorbance of the sample and a concentration of an analyte in the sample from the detected quantity of light; determining a quantity of the sample to dispense into an analytical apparatus based on the determined concentration; moving the robotic arm so as to cause the needle capillary to mate with an inlet port of an analytical apparatus; and dispensing the determined quantity of the sample into the analytical apparatus.

The present invention comprises methods and apparatus utilizing multiple detectors to measure properties related to light scattered by particles. Characteristics of particles are determined from the measured properties.

A deployable measurement system for analyzing a rail of a railroad track includes a housing, a reflecting assembly coupled to the housing, a movement assembly coupled to the housing, and an optical measurement system disposed within the housing. Both the housing and the reflecting assembly are moveable between a stored position and a deployed position. The movement assembly includes a deployment assembly that moves the reflecting assembly from the stored position to the deployed position, and a retraction assembly that moves the reflecting assembly from the deployed position to the stored position. The optical measurement system emits and receives light. The reflecting assembly reflects the emitted light toward the rail. The reflecting assembly reflects light reflected off of the rail toward the optical measurement system. The light received by the optical measurement system is used to measure parameters related to the rail.

A urine analysis system according to an embodiment includes: a testing apparatus that measures particles included in a urine sample according to a flow cytometry method; an image capturing apparatus that captures images of particles in the urine sample to acquire particle images; and a management apparatus that receives a measurement result obtained by the testing apparatus and the particle images acquired by the image capturing apparatus. The management apparatus generates an order to capture an image of the urine sample based on the measurement result obtained by the testing apparatus. The image capturing apparatus executes the image capturing processing of the particles in the urine sample for which the image capturing order has been generated by the management apparatus, and transmits the acquired particle images to the management apparatus.

This invention relates to a method of and system for facilitating detection of a particular predetermined gas in a scene under observation. The gas in the scene is typically associated with a gas leak in equipment. To this end, the system comprises an infrared camera arrangement; a strobing illuminator device having a strobing frequency matched to a frame rate of the camera; and a processing arrangement. The processing arrangement is configured to store a prior frame obtained via the infrared camera arrangement; and compare a current frame with the stored prior frame and generate an output signal in response to said comparison. The system also comprises a display device configured to display an output image based at least on the output signal generated by the processing arrangement so as to facilitate detection of the particular predetermined gas, in use.

A urine analysis system according to an embodiment includes: a testing apparatus that measures particles included in a urine sample according to a flow cytometry method; an image capturing apparatus that captures images of particles in the urine sample to acquire particle images; and a management apparatus that receives a measurement result obtained by the testing apparatus and the particle images acquired by the image capturing apparatus. The management apparatus generates an order to capture an image of the urine sample based on the measurement result obtained by the testing apparatus. The image capturing apparatus executes the image capturing processing of the particles in the urine sample for which the image capturing order has been generated by the management apparatus, and transmits the acquired particle images to the management apparatus.