Expandable Jacket surrounding a pressuremeter probe prevents barrel shape to form and maintains cylindrical shape with uniform radial displacement throughout its height, removing shortcomings of the existing pressuremeters. For the pressuremeter probe to determine horizontal stress versus plane strain relationship in soils and intermediate geomaterials, an expandable comprises of one layer of circular arch shaped segmented plates surrounded by flexible bands or rings. The expandable jacket surrounds a membrane which itself surrounds a porous tube with holes. Borehole less than the diameter of probe is drilled either by pre-boring or self-boring and then pushing the probe with cutter ring. For the pressuremeter probe to determine horizontal stress versus plane lateral strain relationship for rocks, the expandable jacket comprises of two layers of the circular arch shaped segmented plates surrounded by flexible bands or rings and first layer surrounding a plurality of pistons, and second layer surrounding the first layer.

The present invention provides a testing and characterization method for an initial fatigue damage and development process of vulcanized rubber, and falls within the technical field of rubber. The testing and characterization method comprises the following steps: preparing vulcanized rubber; preparing test samples; preparing fatigue testing specimens; and characterizing an initial fatigue damage and development process. The testing and characterization method provided by the present invention is simple, and closely associates a simple and easy-to-implement macro mechanical property test with changes of an internal microstructure, which are difficult to observe and analyze; and the method is high in efficiency and easy for operation and data collection, and data measured has good reference.

A method of measuring cement volumetric changes includes loading a sample cement into a flexible container and surrounding the flexible container by a column of fluid in a chamber. The temperature of the column of fluid is adjusted to a cement setting temperature, and the sample cement is allowed to set over several hours. The pressure of the column of fluid is adjusted to a test pressure. The temperature of the column of fluid in the chamber is adjusted to induce volumetric changes in the set cement. As the volume of the set cement changes, fluid volume adjustments are applied to the column of fluid in the chamber to maintain the pressure of the column of fluid in the chamber constant at the test pressure. The volumetric changes in the set cement are determined from the fluid volume adjustments applied to the column of fluid in the chamber.

A testing device for simulating coalbump includes a testing chamber. A first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a third oil cylinder are provided within the testing chamber; each piston rod of each oil cylinder can stretch or retract. A first reaction seat, a second reaction seat and a third reaction seat are arranged opposite to a side of the first piston rod of the first oil cylinder, a side of the second piston rod of the second oil cylinder and a side of the third piston rod of the third oil cylinder respectively. The testing device includes a shear loading unit including a fourth oil cylinder and a fifth oil cylinder located on a same axis, and a side of a fourth piston rod of the fourth oil cylinder and a side of a fifth piston rod of the fifth oil cylinder are arranged opposite to each other.

A mechanical material property test fixture for testing a material, the fixture includes a plurality of beams disposed on one geometrical plane, a plurality of linear bearings, a plurality of hinged linkage bars, and an apparatus that applies force on the plurality of linear bearings such that the material being tested has a uniform force applied on it by the fixture. Each beam has substantially equal angles between adjacent beams, while each linear bearing is disposed on a corresponding beam. The linear bearings are attachable to the material being tested. Each linkage bar communicates with two adjacent linear bearings such that the linear bearings can freely slide along the corresponding beam. The linkage bars are substantially the same length such that a symmetric multi-axial movement in the linear bearings is created, and allows for equal force to be applied to the material.

A testing arrangement includes a test specimen that is formed of a fiber composite that has first, second, and third groups of fiber ply layers. Each fiber ply layer is curved so as to have an elbow. The elbows are joined back-to-back at a central region to form first, second, and third arms that extend outwardly from the central region. The elbows define a space in the central region, and there is a space-filler within the space. The test specimen is mounted in a testing fixture such that the first and second arms are in four-point bend loading and the third arm is oriented vertically. The testing fixture is actuatable to apply an actuated load. There is an applied load on the third arm. The applied load and the actuated load cause stress in the space-filler for evaluating mechanical behavior of the space-filler.

The present invention provides a testing and characterization method for an initial fatigue damage and development process of vulcanized rubber, and falls within the technical field of rubber. The testing and characterization method comprises the following steps: preparing vulcanized rubber; preparing test samples; preparing fatigue testing specimens; and characterizing an initial fatigue damage and development process. The testing and characterization method provided by the present invention is simple, and closely associates a simple and easy-to-implement macro mechanical property test with changes of an internal microstructure, which are difficult to observe and analyze; and the method is high in efficiency and easy for operation and data collection, and data measured has good reference.

A method of measuring cement volumetric changes includes loading a sample cement into a flexible container and surrounding the flexible container by a column of fluid in a chamber. The temperature of the column of fluid is adjusted to a cement setting temperature, and the sample cement is allowed to set over several hours. The pressure of the column of fluid is adjusted to a test pressure. The temperature of the column of fluid in the chamber is adjusted to induce volumetric changes in the set cement. As the volume of the set cement changes, fluid volume adjustments are applied to the column of fluid in the chamber to maintain the pressure of the column of fluid in the chamber constant at the test pressure. The volumetric changes in the set cement are determined from the fluid volume adjustments applied to the column of fluid in the chamber.

A testing arrangement includes a test specimen that is formed of a fiber composite that has first, second, and third groups of fiber ply layers. Each fiber ply layer is curved so as to have an elbow. The elbows are joined back-to-back at a central region to form first, second, and third arms that extend outwardly from the central region. The elbows define a space in the central region, and there is a space-filler within the space. The test specimen is mounted in a testing fixture such that the first and second arms are in four-point bend loading and the third arm is oriented vertically. The testing fixture is actuatable to apply an actuated load. There is an applied load on the third arm. The applied load and the actuated load cause stress in the space-filler for evaluating mechanical behavior of the space-filler.

The present disclosure relates to a specimen testing machine which includes: a specimen test unit comprising: a pair of gripper parts configured to respectively hold opposite ends of a specimen, a gripper fixing part configured to fix at least any one of the pair of gripper parts, and a specimen driving part configured to move the specimen in a longitudinal direction of the specimen; and a guide plate unit including: a guide plate that is configured to be moved along with a folding direction of the specimen, and to be folded at a center portion thereof, and a second driving part comprising a second fixing part configured to fix opposite ends of the guide plate, and configured to move the specimen in the longitudinal direction of the specimen.