An analysis and observation device includes an analysis unit, a primary storage device that reads a substance library in which types of substances are associated with a plurality of characteristics, and a processor that executes processing based on the substance library. The substance library is configured by storing hierarchical information of superclasses each of which represents a general term of a substance and subclasses each of which represents a type of the substance. A processor includes: a spectrum acquirer that acquires an intensity distribution spectrum; a characteristic extractor that extracts a characteristic of a substance based on the intensity distribution spectrum; a substance estimator that estimates the type of the substance from subclasses based on the extracted characteristic; and a user interface controller that causes a display to display the estimated subclass and the superclass to which the subclass belongs in a hierarchical manner.

Provided are a high-energy and high-powered laser light source and a photoemission electron microscope using the laser light source. The laser light source 2 is intended for use in the photoemission electron microscope for emitting a quasi-continuous wave laser 7 and includes: a first laser light source 100 configured to emit a continuous wave coherent light 100a, an optical resonator 110 including an optical path in which the continuous wave coherent light 100a circulates and including a non-linear optical element 114 disposed on the optical path, and a quasi-continuous wave light source 120 configured to emit a quasi-continuous wave coherent light 120a having a wavelength shorter than that of the continuous wave coherent light 100a and having a near rectangular output waveform. When the quasi-continuous wave coherent light 120a is incident on the non-linear optical element 114 from outside the optical resonator 110 while the continuous wave coherent light 100a is entering the optical resonator 110 to circulate in the optical path, the quasi-continuous wave laser 7 having a wavelength shorter than that of the quasi-continuous wave coherent light 120a is emitted from the non-linear optical element 114.

A system and method for stress testing a sample, the system comprising a high-intensity laser unit and a target for laser-matter interaction, wherein the high-intensity laser unit delivers an intensity of at least 10.sup.13 W/cm.sup.2 on the target, and resulting laser-accelerated particles generated by the target irradiate the sample.

A particle monitoring system includes a light emitting device for irradiating an inside of a plasma processing apparatus with light, and a monitoring device to be placed on a stage in the plasma processing apparatus. The monitoring device includes a base substrate, a plurality of imaging devices, and a control device. The base substrate has a plate shape. The plurality of imaging devices have optical axes facing upward on the base substrate, and are disposed apart from each other to capture images including scattered light from the particle irradiated with the light. The control device discriminates the particle in the images captured by the plurality of imaging devices.

In a method for in-situ U-Pb dating of heterogeneous minerals, a target mineral is separated and purified by carrying out data analysis, extraction and enhancement on original mapping data. The method highlights distribution features of dating indexes (U content, Pb content, Pb.sup.206/U.sup.238 ratio, Pb.sup.207/U.sup.235 ratio and Th/U ratio) in a target mineral phase with a noise data processing technology, and more intuitively displays a favorable dating portion and a crystal growth change trend of the dating mineral. Further, a fine spot design is provided for high-precision dating analysis in a later stage. A plurality of geological events experienced by a heterogeneous mineral crystal in a growth process is accurately limited, so as to invert the mineral formation history which provides the basis for better study of mineralogy, mineral geochemistry and mineral geochronology. It is hence a novel indispensable auxiliary means of mineral geochronology and an auxiliary method for mineral exploration.

In a method for in-situ U-Pb dating of heterogeneous minerals, a target mineral is separated and purified by carrying out data analysis, extraction and enhancement on original mapping data. The method highlights distribution features of dating indexes (U content, Pb content, Pb.sup.206/U.sup.238 ratio, Pb.sup.207/U.sup.235 ratio and Th/U ratio) in a target mineral phase with a noise data processing technology, and more intuitively displays a favorable dating portion and a crystal growth change trend of the dating mineral. Further, a fine spot design is provided for high-precision dating analysis in a later stage. A plurality of geological events experienced by a heterogeneous mineral crystal in a growth process is accurately limited, so as to invert the mineral formation history which provides the basis for better study of mineralogy, mineral geochemistry and mineral geochronology. It is hence a novel indispensable auxiliary means of mineral geochronology and an auxiliary method for mineral exploration.