In a measuring arrangement for determining properties of a material to be extruded while an extrusion process is being carried out in an extruder, at least one extruder screw is rotatably mounted in a tubular guide in a barrel and is connected to a rotary drive. Material to be extruded is fed to the tubular guide at one end and is removed as finish-extruded material at an oppositely arranged discharge. Arranged at measuring positions at predeterminable defined intervals on the wall of the tubular guide along the longitudinal axis of the extruder screw are multiple first sound transducers, which are designed for the detection of sound waves that are generated during the extrusion process by the extrusion process as process noises and/or are emitted by a second sound transducer, arranged at one end of the tubular guide, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the extruder screw and into the material to be extruded that is conveyed through a mixing chamber present in the tubular guide.

A measuring device for non-mechanical-contact measurement of a layer, the measuring device including a light source operative to generate a pulse adapted to interact with the layer so as to generate a thermal wave in a gas medium present adjacent the layer. The thermal wave causes an acoustic signal to be generated. The measuring device further includes a detector adapted to detect a first signal responsive to the acoustic signal, the detector not being in mechanical contact with the layer. The first signal is representative of the measured layer.

A method for the measurement of the speed of sound in a gas suitable for the determination of gas characteristics, especially the composition of the gas, the temperature and/or the humidity of the gas, and a speed of sound based gas sensor arrangement adapted to measure that gas characteristics comprising sound sending means and sound receiving means and signal processing unit. A sound sender is used as sound sender and a first sound receiver and a second sound receiver as sound receiving means, all three of them being arranged such that the travel distance of the sound provided by the sender to the first receiver is different from the travel distance of the sound provided by the sender to the second receiver. Further the arrangement includes the signal processing means connected with the sender and the receivers which operate the sender and determine gas characteristics, especially the composition of the gas, the temperature and/or the humidity of the gas, from the different signals provided by the first and the second receiver.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses are provided for detecting and determining conditions of and conditions within a fluid conduit.

The invention comprises a device and method to estimate the elasticity of soft elastic solids from surface wave measurements. The method is non-destructive, reliable and repeatable. The final device is low-cost and portable. It is based in audio-frequency shear wave propagation in elastic soft solids. Within this frequency range, shear wavelength is centimeter sized. Thus, the experimental data is usually collected in the near-field of the source. Therefore, an inversion algorithm taking into account near-field effects was developed for use with the device. Example applications are shown in beef samples, tissue mimicking materials and in vivo skeletal muscle of healthy volunteers.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses are provided for detecting and determining conditions of and conditions within a fluid conduit.

A method of automatically inspecting a weld bead deposited in a plurality of passes in a chamfer formed between two parts by performing the following steps: positioning at least one emission electromagnetic acoustic sensor on one side of the chamfer and at least one reception electromagnetic acoustic sensor on an opposite side of the chamfer, the ultrasound wave emission sensor being configured to emit Rayleigh surface waves; while depositing a pass, automatically moving the sensors to follow the movement of welding electrodes along the chamfer; activating the sensors while they are moving to enable the emission sensor to generate and emit Rayleigh waves towards the pass of the weld bead that is being deposited, the reception sensor receiving the ultrasound signals transmitted and/or reflected in said pass; and reiterating the operation for the entire pass of the weld bead.

A gas concentration measurement device comprises: a transmission circuit and a transmission oscillator for transmitting first ultrasonic waves in a concentration measurement space and transmitting second ultrasonic waves, which continue temporally from the first ultrasonic waves in the concentration measurement space; a reception oscillator and a reception circuit for receiving the ultrasonic waves that have propagated through the concentration measurement space; and a propagation time measurement unit for determining, on the basis of the times at which the first ultrasonic waves and the second ultrasonic waves were transmitted and the times at which the first ultrasonic waves and the second ultrasonic waves were received, the time in which ultrasonic waves propagate through the concentration measurement space. The second ultrasonic waves have an opposite phase with respect to that of the first ultrasonic waves, and the amplitude of the second ultrasonic waves is greater than that of the first ultrasonic waves.

An inspection method according to the present disclosure includes a step of mounting an ultrasonic probe, a step of mounting a pulser receiver, a step of causing the ultrasonic probe to transmit ultrasonic waves, a step of causing the ultrasonic probe to receive a reflected wave of the ultrasonic waves reflected by the wind turbine blade, a step of causing the pulser receiver to acquire reflected-wave data, a step of causing the pulser receiver to wirelessly transmit the reflected-wave data, a step of causing at least one of antennas to receive the wirelessly transmitted reflected-wave data, and a step of causing an information processing device electrically connected to the at least two antennas to perform information processing on the reflected-wave data.

Disclosed is a dual channel nondestructive testing method for a rock bolt and related devices. The method includes: determining a target phase difference and an instantaneous phase difference of the first received signal and the second received signal; determining an integral instantaneous phase difference between the first received signal and the second received signal based on the target phase difference and an instantaneous phase difference; determining a length of the exposed section of the rock bolt, a length of the rock bolt and a position of a grouting defect based on the integral instantaneous phase difference, a first velocity of the acoustic signal propagating in an exposed section of the rock bolt and a second velocity of the acoustic signal propagating in an anchor section of the rock bolt.