Sensor and method for detecting, monitoring and/or removing trace amounts of heavy metal in a liquid. The sensor including magnetic nanoparticle composites of carbon nanotubes intercalated with CoFe.sub.2O.sub.4; the method including contacting a sample of liquid with the magnetic nanoparticle composites and measuring the X-ray diffraction and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticle composite, where a statistical difference in the X-ray diffraction or magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticle composite before and after contact between said sample of said liquid and said magnetic nanoparticle composite indicates the presence of a heavy metal in said liquid.

Sensor and method for detecting, monitoring and/or removing trace amounts of heavy metal in a liquid. The sensor including magnetic nanoparticle composites of carbon nanotubes intercalated with CoFe.sub.2O.sub.4; the method including contacting a sample of liquid with the magnetic nanoparticle composites and measuring the X-ray diffraction and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticle composite, where a statistical difference in the X-ray diffraction or magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticle composite before and after contact between said sample of said liquid and said magnetic nanoparticle composite indicates the presence of a heavy metal in said liquid.

A radiation imaging device capable of matter-element information acquisition and image based selection comprises: a radiation source generating radiation; at least one scattering device receiving radiation which includes radiation transmitting a subject and scattered radiation and scattering the received radiation; and an imaging device receiving the radiation which includes the radiation transmitting the subject and the scattered radiation to measure energy and positional information so as to calculate a two-dimensional image.

The neutron emission unit is configured to emit neutrons such that a center axis (Nh) of neutron emission intersects a center axis direction of collimators (23a to 23e). A calculation unit is capable of generating information about an inspection object in the center axis direction of the collimators, based on position information of the neutron detector and/or position information of the neutron emission unit, information about an angle (θ1) at which the center axis of the neutron emission intersects the center axis direction of the collimators, and a neutron amount detected by the neutron detector.

A neutron emission unit is configured to emit neutrons such that a center axis (Nh) of a neutron emission intersects a center axis direction of collimators (23a to 23e). A calculation unit is capable of generating information about an inspection object in the center axis direction of the collimators, based on position information of a neutron detector and/or position information of the neutron emission unit, information about an angle (θ1) at which the center axis of the neutron emission intersects the center axis direction of the collimators, and a neutron amount detected by the neutron detector.

A neutron emission unit is configured to emit neutrons such that a center axis (Nh) of a neutron emission intersects a center axis direction of collimators (23a to 23e). A calculation unit is capable of generating information about an inspection object in the center axis direction of the collimators, based on position information of a neutron detector and/or position information of the neutron emission unit, information about an angle (θ1) at which the center axis of the neutron emission intersects the center axis direction of the collimators, and a neutron amount detected by the neutron detector.

Provided is a method of evaluating a concentration of sulfur in a polymer composite material. The present disclosure relates to a method of evaluating a concentration of sulfur in a polymer composite material by small-angle neutron scattering with .sup.1H dynamic nuclear spin polarization.

Provided is a method of evaluating a concentration of sulfur in a polymer composite material. The present disclosure relates to a method of evaluating a concentration of sulfur in a polymer composite material by small-angle neutron scattering with .sup.1H dynamic nuclear spin polarization.

A method for evaluating the crosslink concentration in a crosslinked rubber is provided. The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the crosslink concentration in a crosslinked rubber by small-angle X-ray scattering or small-angle neutron scattering using measurement samples prepared by swelling the crosslinked rubber to different degrees of swelling.

A method for evaluating the crosslink concentration in a crosslinked rubber is provided. The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the crosslink concentration in a crosslinked rubber by small-angle X-ray scattering or small-angle neutron scattering using measurement samples prepared by swelling the crosslinked rubber to different degrees of swelling.