Provide is an anti-active GIP antibody which allows accurate detection of active GIP. The present invention provides an anti-active GIP antibody which binds to active GIP and does not substantially bind to nonactive GIP, the antibody recognizing at least one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of amino acids at 8.sup.th to 10.sup.th position of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5, and comprising, in an H chain, a region comprising the following amino acid sequence (1) or a conservative sequence modification thereof: EMNPSDGRTHFNE (1).

Provided herein are peptides and variant peptides that exhibit enhanced activity at the GLP-1 receptor, as compared to native glucagon.

The present disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits to address the need for microbiome-related treatment of health conditions and disease. The present disclosure provides for treatment of metabolic conditions using microbial compositions.

The present disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits to address the need for microbiome-related treatment of health conditions and disease. The present disclosure provides for treatment of metabolic conditions using microbial compositions.

Provided are a pharmaceutical composition including geraniol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient for use in preventing or treating diabetes mellitus, and a method of preventing or treating diabetes mellitus or a complication due to diabetes mellitus of an individual, in which the method includes administering to the individual a pharmaceutical composition comprising geraniol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and inducing an olfactory stimulation to the individual using the pharmaceutical composition. Also provided is a screening method for an antidiabetic agent that may include contacting a cell expressing an olfactory receptor with a test material; measuring a level of expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secreted from the cell; and determining that the test material, when the test material promotes expression of GLP-1, as a candidate material for an antidiabetic agent. In addition, a quasi-drug composition and a cosmetic composition including geraniol for uses are provided.

The present disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits to address the need for microbiome-related treatment of health conditions and disease. The present disclosure provides for treatment of metabolic conditions using microbial compositions.

Described herein are methods of identifying a mammal having a neurological disease or disorder, such as AD or MCI, or at risk for developing a neurological disease or disorder, such as AD or MCI. Provided herein are also methods of monitoring the progression of a neurological disease or disorder in a patient or monitoring the effectiveness of therapeutic agent or treatment of a patient having a neurological disease or disorder.

The present disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits to address the need for microbiome-related treatment of health conditions and disease. The present disclosure provides for treatment of metabolic conditions using microbial compositions.

The present invention provides a method to identify and use compounds for the inhibition of abnormal or dysregulated hepatic glucose production that results in elevated blood glucose levels and associated metabolic disorders. The invention is based on the surprising discovery that the glucagon forms an obligate binding complex with aP2, which is necessary for activation of the glucagon G-coupled protein receptor.

Provided are a pharmaceutical composition including geraniol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient for use in preventing or treating diabetes mellitus, and a method of preventing or treating diabetes mellitus or a complication due to diabetes mellitus of an individual, in which the method includes administering to the individual a pharmaceutical composition comprising geraniol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and inducing an olfactory stimulation to the individual using the pharmaceutical composition. Also provided is a screening method for an antidiabetic agent that may include contacting a cell expressing an olfactory receptor with a test material; measuring a level of expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secreted from the cell; and determining that the test material, when the test material promotes expression of GLP-1, as a candidate material for an antidiabetic agent. In addition, a quasi-drug composition and a cosmetic composition including geraniol for uses are provided.