Dysglycemia as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorder or developmental diabetes. The risk is assessed based on measurement of a glucose control indicator in a blood sample. One particular example of a neurodevelopmental disorder is retinopathy of prematurity in an infant. One particular example of a glucose control indicator is ‘comprehensive glycated hemoglobin fraction’ or ‘comprehensive glycated albumin fraction.’ This is calculated using ‘total whole blood protein’ in the denominator. In the case of chronic hyperglycemia, there is an increased risk of proliferative retinopathy of prematurity. In the case of chronic hypoglycemia, there is an increased risk of non-proliferative retinopathy of prematurity. This ‘total whole blood protein’ technique could also be used to determine the glucose control status in other types of patients.

An in vitro method for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes determining the content of mercaptoalbumin (HMA) in a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and comparing the content determined with the content of HMA in CSF in healthy subjects. If the HMA content is less than that of the healthy subjects, it is indicative of AD.

Disclosed is a method of detecting a concentration of a biomarker in a human subject having or being at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Also disclosed is a process for detecting a concentration of a biomarker in a human subject having or being at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) comprising (a) detecting a first concentration of lipocalin-PDS/TTR complex in a blood sample or urine sample from the subject, (b) determining a second concentration of PDS/TTR complex in a blood sample or urine sample from an unaffected individual, and (c) comparing the first and second concentrations, wherein a lower first concentration as compared to the second concentration is indicative of the subject having or being at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.

A urine sample testing apparatus may include a urine qualitative measuring section configured to acquire a measurement result for each of a plurality of urine qualitative measurement items and a urine sediment measuring section configured to acquire a measurement result for each of a plurality of urine sediment measurement items. The apparatus may also include an operation part that can specify a combination of one of the plurality of urine qualitative measurement items and one of the plurality of urine sediment measurement items. An information processing unit may also be included.

An electrochemically active device for collecting and retaining a biological sample with a bioanalyte, the device provided with at least a two-electrode member and an albumin-binding and an electrochemically active receptor in chemical contact with the two-electrode members and the biological sample. The present invention also provides a point-of-care biosensor with the device of the present invention and a method for measuring a bioanalyte in a biological sample. The device, point-of-care biosensor and the method of the present invention facilitate accurate measurements concentrations of urine albumin, human serum albumin (HSA), glycated albumin (GA) and methemalbumin (MHA) by determining redox current values in reduced volumes of biological samples.

Methods for quantifying biospecimen sample integrity using oxidation. Embodiments include assessing ex vivo oxidation of a biospecimen sample by quantifying a difference in protein oxidation of the biospecimen sample in comparison to protein oxidation of a portion of the biospecimen sample intentionally incubated to cause oxidation to hit its maximum value. The difference in a level of oxidation in the biospecimen sample and the potion of the biospecimen sample is then inversely proportional to the degree of ex vivo oxidation.

A method for extracting a mycotoxin, when present, from a sample. Compositions and methods include the use of high ionic strength compositions including compositions that include many amine and/or carboxyl groups such as protein based, amino acid based and polyethylene glycol based composition.

Methods and systems are presented for analyzing the blood of a living being. Equations are presented for volume-aware extension of the concept of Hematocrit. A method for calculating these volume-aware measures and using said measures to evaluate and guide possible treatments is described. A system comprising an automated analyzer and a processor and other components is described which can carry out said calculations. Methods of treatment for volume abnormalities are described which are guided by the volume-aware Hct measures. In one exemplary embodiment, a method of treatment for plasma volume excess using ultrafiltration is described. In another exemplary embodiment, a method of treatment for red cell volume excess using erythrocytapheresis is described.

Devices and methods for the hook effect detection associated with analytes of interest in the conductance of one or more diagnostic assays, including, without limitation, immunoassays.

This invention relates to glucose-sensitive albumin-binding diboron conjugates. More particularly the invention provides novel diboron compounds, and in particular diboronate or diboroxole compounds, useful as intermediate compounds for the synthesis of diboron conjugates.