Methods for determining whether certain compounds, in particular crystals, are present in a sample of a biological fluid that indicates an individual has a particular disease or condition, such as but not limited to gout, pseudogout or urinary tract stones. In some embodiments, the methods include the steps of digestion and filtration of a sample of synovial fluid in order to isolate, if present, monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD), or calcium phosphate crystals from the sample, wherein the filtrate is analyzed with a Raman device to ascertain the presence and type of the crystals. Devices for performing steps of the method are disclosed.

Methods for determining whether certain compounds, in particular crystals, are present in a sample of a biological fluid that indicates an individual has a particular disease or condition, such as but not limited to gout, pseudogout or urinary tract stones. In some embodiments, the methods include the steps of digestion and filtration of a sample of synovial fluid in order to isolate, if present, monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD), or calcium phosphate crystals from the sample, wherein the filtrate is analyzed with a Raman device to ascertain the presence and type of the crystals. Devices for performing steps of the method are disclosed.

Disclosed herein include systems, methods, compositions, and kits for using decoy polynucleotides in noise reduction. Decoy oligonucleotides provided herein can, in some embodiments, prevent or reduce undesirable non-specific binding of intracellular target-binding reagent specific oligonucleotides or protein target-binding reagent specific oligonucleotides to non-target cellular/endogenous nucleic acids, and therefore reduce noise in methods provided herein, such as, for example, single cell multiomics analysis.

The present disclosure discloses a standard characteristic polypeptide sequence for quantitatively detecting casein glycomacropeptide in a polypeptide product by mass spectrometry, and belongs to the technical field of inspection and detection. According to the present disclosure, three polypeptides for quantitatively detecting the casein glycomacropeptide are obtained through screening, which have amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2 and SEQ ID NO:3 respectively, and are suitable for quantitatively analyzing the content of the casein glycomacropeptide in a sample to be detected. According to the present disclosure, accurate quantitative analysis of the casein glycomacropeptide is realized, and the polypeptide sequence can be used for determining whether the content of the casein glycomacropeptide in the product reaches a standard or not.

Methods for determining whether certain compounds, in particular crystals, are present in a sample of a biological fluid that indicates an individual has a particular disease or condition, such as but not limited to gout, pseudogout or urinary tract stones. In some embodiments, the methods include the steps of digestion and filtration of a sample of synovial fluid in order to isolate, if present, monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD), or calcium phosphate crystals from the sample, wherein the filtrate is analyzed with a Raman device to ascertain the presence and type of the crystals. Devices for performing steps of the method are disclosed.

A method and test system for detecting the presence of an analyte in a sample comprising a binding region and a detecting region, where the binding region contains a plurality of magnetic beads attached to a plurality of first capture molecules that bind to an analyte of interest in the sample, and a plurality of second capture molecules having a detectable label attached thereto, where the second capture molecules bind to the analyte of interest to form a complex, where the complexes are moved through at least one liquefied aliphatic partition via a magnetic field into the detecting region that having a detection composition allows for detection and, optionally, for signal quantification.