The present invention relates to construction foil (1), in particular for use in the flat roof area, with a single- or multilayer structure (3) comprising a carrier layer (2), wherein the carrier layer (2) comprises an electronic unit (4) and at least one first connecting means (7) projecting beyond the outer side (8) of the carrier layer (2) and electrically connected to the electronic unit (4), and wherein the first connecting means (7) is designed in such a way that the electronic unit (4) can be detachably connected electrically to an external connection device (9) via the first connecting means (7), preferably without tools.

Methods and system for determining water activity of a sample material are disclosed in which a sample material is positioned in a water activity measurement device, a plurality of water activity values of the sample material are measured at a respective plurality of points of time, with the plurality of points in time preceding an equilibrium state of the water activity of the sample material, the plurality of water activity values over time are log-transformed, a trendline of the plurality of water activity values over time is calculated, and the trendline is extrapolated to determine an extrapolated water activity value of the sample material at the equilibrium state. These methods and systems can decrease the time needed to determine the water activity of the sample by reliably predicting and estimating water activity well before equilibrium is reached in the measurement chamber.

An absorbent article includes: a liquid-absorbent body; a liquid-permeable sheet disposed on a skin side in a thickness direction of the absorbent article with respect to the liquid-absorbent body; a liquid-impermeable sheet disposed on a non-skin side in the thickness direction with respect to the liquid-absorbent body; one or more skin-side electrodes between the liquid-permeable sheet and the liquid-absorbent body; and one or more non-skin-side electrodes between the liquid-impermeable sheet and the liquid-absorbent body.

A method of measuring skin moisture includes: measuring, in response to a touch on a touch panel, a first capacitance for a touch area in association with driving first and second electrodes of the touch panel in a mutual sensing mode; measuring, in response to the touch, a second capacitance for the touch area in association with driving one electrode of the first and second electrodes in a self-sensing mode; comparing the first capacitance with a first reference capacitance; determining, in response to the first capacitance being greater than the first reference capacitance, a skin moisture level using the first capacitance and the second capacitance; comparing, in response to the first capacitance being less than the first reference capacitance, the second capacitance with a second reference capacitance; and compensating, in response to the second capacitance being greater than the second reference capacitance, the first capacitance using the second capacitance.

The present inventive concept relates to a battery-free gas sensor or humidity sensor comprising a metal-organic framework and a method of manufacturing the same. In a photodiode-type battery-free gas sensor or humidity sensor according to the present inventive concept, since photoelectron collection electrodes are formed at certain intervals between P-N junction layers, when gas is adsorbed thereon, the gas can be detected without an extra power source by change of photocurrent. Due to fine pores of the metal-organic framework, gas sensitivity may be increased and stability of catalysts may be improved. When catalysts are not provided, humidity may be detected. Therefore, a system that used the photodiode-type battery-free gas sensor and the photodiode-type battery-free humidity sensor together may be performed humidity correction to accurately measure an amount of a gas.

The inventive disclosures are directed to a factory-controlled process for making improved, risk-optimized commercial-building waterproofing systems. The improved waterproofing-panel systems also include improved intrinsic leak-detection capabilities.

In order to predict plant stresses at a localized level, data feeds from many sensor types can be fused and analyzed to create a synthetic sensor estimating plant water stress, predicting microclimatic conditions, and performing localized plant disease and pest modeling. To make this affordable, an array of low-cost, lower precision sensors can be used. Sensor fusion is used to improve the accuracy of each sensing element by using machine learning to fuse data from the other sensing elements in the array. Additionally, machine learning can create a “synthetic sensor” replicating the output of high-cost and maintenance intensive sensing devices by using machine learning to replicate their output.

Systems for determining the moisture level in non-polar materials, such as polymers, include an electrical circuit including a capacitive sensor, and a signal generator that the provides the electrical circuit with an electrical input of varying frequency. The systems also include a computing device the determines the moisture level in the non-polar material based on a relationship between the moisture level, and a response of the electrical circuit to the electrical input while the capacitive sensor is in contact with the non-polar material.

The present application belongs to the technical field of monitoring of durability of concrete, and particularly relates to a method for optimizing a structure of an electrical capacitance tomography sensor and analyzing an electromagnetic field. A specific process of the method includes eight steps: parameter setting, geometric setting, material setting, mesh generation, physical field setting, solution, sensor structure optimization and calculation of electromagnetic field distribution. The method proposes a new concept for solving a forward problem of an ECT system based on COMSOL software. After modeling is completed, uniformity of a sensitive field of the ECT sensor is analyzed according to calculation results, and structural parameter values of components of the ECT sensor are adjusted to seek an optimal design scheme.

There is provided a perishable goods monitoring system for monitoring the freshness or condition of a perishable product encapsulated within a package, the system comprising a sensor device, a wireless communication reader device and a processing module, said sensor device comprising a fibrous hydrophilic material based electrical sensor and a wireless communication tag chip coupled thereto and being configured to be incorporated in or on a said package, said wireless communication reader device being configured for wireless communication with said wireless communication tag by means of wireless communication technology when said reader device is within a predetermined distance of said tag, and said processing module being configured to receive sensor data from said sensor, via said reader device, correlate said sensor data against a stored calibration data set associated with said perishable product and determine thereby data representative of freshness of said perishable product.