A gel for use in a pH or an ORP sensor, components of the gel comprising water, a reference electrolyte salt, a buffering system for adjusting pH of the gel, and a polymeric gelling agent, and the gel does not degrade under gamma irradiation.

A sensor element of a gas sensor includes a solid electrolyte body, a first insulator, a gas chamber, a second insulator, a reference gas duct, a pump electrode, a sensor electrode, a reference electrode, and a shield layer. The shield layer is formed of an insulating ceramic material and covers a sensor-side electrode portion of the reference electrode, the sensor-side electrode portion being arranged to overlap the sensor electrode through the solid electrolyte body.

Various embodiments of the disclosure provide reference electrodes for use in electrochemical systems (e.g., electrochemical cells) that use molten salt media as the electrolyte of choice. The reference electrodes include a metal core with an outer, solid layer of the metal's oxide, silicide, or carbide. The oxide, silicide, or carbide outer layer may be formed uniformly and with sufficient durability to withstand exposure to molten salt material. The outer layer may be formed by processes configured to form (e.g., grow) the oxide, silicide, or carbide layer directly on the outer surface of the metal core with uniformity of the layer's composition and thickness all along the outer surface of the metal core. Related electrochemical systems are also disclosed.

A reference electrode which is stable over a wide range of temperatures, pressures and chemical conditions is provided. The subject reference electrode according to the present invention comprises a tubular enclosure composed of quartz having a distal, closed end and a proximal, open end. An insulating ceramic rod is seemingly connected to the opening in the closed distal end of the enclosure to form micro-cracks between the ceramic rod and the quartz enclosure (called a cracked junction, CJ). The CJ gives a very tortuous path for ion conduction from inside the reference electrode (RE) to a working electrode (WE). Inside the tubular enclosure is an electrical lead (e.g., a silver wire) disposed in an electrolyte comprising a mixture of alkaline metal salts (e.g., AgCl and KCl), extending from the electrolyte upward through a sealing means at the proximal end of the quartz enclosure.

A reference electrode which is stable over a wide range of temperatures, pressures and chemical conditions is provided. The subject reference electrode according to the present invention comprises a tubular enclosure composed of quartz having a distal, closed end and a proximal, open end. An insulating ceramic rod is seemingly connected to the opening in the closed distal end of the enclosure to form micro-cracks between the ceramic rod and the quartz enclosure (called a cracked junction, CJ). The CJ gives a very tortuous path for ion conduction from inside the reference electrode (RE) to a working electrode (WE). Inside the tubular enclosure is an electrical lead (e.g., a silver wire) disposed in an electrolyte comprising a mixture of alkaline metal salts (e.g., AgCl and KCl), extending from the electrolyte upward through a sealing means at the proximal end of the quartz enclosure.

Problem Provided is an electrolyte analyzer that allows reducing a load of a user in a replacement work compared with conventional one.

Solution An electrolyte analyzer includes an ISE electrode 1 that includes at least one electrode, a reference electrode 2 that includes at least one electrode different from the ISE electrode 1, and a housing 200 that houses the electrodes of the ISE electrode 1 and the reference electrode 2. The housing 200 includes a pressing unit that presses the electrodes to one another, a first press switching unit 210 that switches the ISE electrode 1 between a secured state and a released state, and a second press switching unit 215 that switches the reference electrode 2 between a secured state and a released state. The ISE electrode 1 and the reference electrode 2 are each switched between the secured state and the released state. Selected Drawing: FIG. 3

The present invention relates to an analyte sensor comprising a substrate, at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode and at least one protective layer covering the at least one second electrode. The present invention further relates to a process for manufacturing the inventive analyte sensor as well as to an analyte sensor system comprising an analyte sensor according to the present invention and an electronics unit. The analyte sensor according to the present invention may mainly be used for conducting analyte measurements in a body fluid of a user.

A gel for use in a pH or an ORP sensor, components of the gel comprising water, a reference electrolyte salt, a buffering system for adjusting pH of the gel, and a polymeric gelling agent, and the gel does not degrade under gamma irradiation.

The invention relates to an oxygen detecting element comprising a coated pin and a method for measuring the oxygen content of a metal melt with an oxygen detecting element. The coated pin comprises an electrically conductive core, which is eccentrically arranged in a coating. The coating comprises at least a two-layered coating section with an inner coating layer comprising a reference material and an outer coating layer comprising an electrolyte material. The invention further relates to an immersion sensor comprising the oxygen detecting element and a method for measuring the oxygen content of a metal melt with such an oxygen detecting element.

Problem Provided is an electrolyte analyzer that allows reducing a load of a user in a replacement work compared with conventional one. Solution An electrolyte analyzer includes an ISE electrode 1 that includes at least one electrode, a reference electrode 2 that includes at least one electrode different from the ISE electrode 1, and a housing 200 that houses the electrodes of the ISE electrode 1 and the reference electrode 2. The housing 200 includes a pressing unit that presses the electrodes to one another, a first press switching unit 210 that switches the ISE electrode 1 between a secured state and a released state, and a second press switching unit 215 that switches the reference electrode 2 between a secured state and a released state. The ISE electrode 1 and the reference electrode 2 are each switched between the secured state and the released state.