A microfabricated electrochemical gas sensor is disclosed. The sensor includes electrodes produced from conductor layers, a capping layer, microcavities through the conductor layers and the capping layer, a cavity connecting the microcavities, and an electrolyte filling in the space created by the cavity and the microcavities in the substrate. The microcavities allow gases to pass through but retain the electrolyte through surface tension.

Devices and methods for detecting an analyte in a gas involve the use of plasmonic excitation of a nanostructured sensing element that is tuned to absorb at a narrow bandwidth specific for light absorbed by the analyte. The sensing element can be used as a capacitive or inductive element in a circuit.

A device is disclosed. The device includes a housing that defines a chamber. The chamber is to be at least partially filled with an electrolyte material. The device also includes a plurality of electrodes that are at least partially embedded in the housing and exposed to the chamber. The device further includes an access port that provides fluid communication between an interior of the housing and the outside environs.

A gas concentration measurement device comprises: a transmission circuit and a transmission oscillator for transmitting first ultrasonic waves in a concentration measurement space and transmitting second ultrasonic waves, which continue temporally from the first ultrasonic waves in the concentration measurement space; a reception oscillator and a reception circuit for receiving the ultrasonic waves that have propagated through the concentration measurement space; and a propagation time measurement unit for determining, on the basis of the times at which the first ultrasonic waves and the second ultrasonic waves were transmitted and the times at which the first ultrasonic waves and the second ultrasonic waves were received, the time in which ultrasonic waves propagate through the concentration measurement space. The second ultrasonic waves have an opposite phase with respect to that of the first ultrasonic waves, and the amplitude of the second ultrasonic waves is greater than that of the first ultrasonic waves.

A chemical release detection system includes a camera, an output control member, a mitigation member, and a controller in operative communication with the camera, the output control member, and the mitigation member. The camera is configured to detect a chemical release. The output control member is configured to generate commands. The mitigation member is configured to reduce risk generated by the chemical release based on the commands by the output control member. The controller is configured to notify a user of the chemical release, and provide an origin of the release and a direction of the release. The controller controls the operation of the output control member and the mitigation member.

A method of using mass and force indicators in electrochemical gas sensor management is provided. The method includes measuring a change in mass of an electrochemical gas sensor and determining a status of the electrochemical gas sensor based on results of the measuring of the change in mass.

A probe carrier arrangement, especially for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, includes a probe socket (14) provided at a probe carrier body (12). The probe socket (14) has at least one insert-receiving opening (24) extending in a direction of an insert-receiving opening longitudinal axis (E). A probe carrier insert (28) is arranged in the insert-receiving opening (24). The probe carrier insert (28) has at least one probe-receiving opening (36) extending in a direction of a probe-receiving opening longitudinal axis (S).

A gas sensor includes a sensor element having an electrode pad and a metal terminal member including a forward metal terminal member connected to the electrode pad, and a rear metal terminal member connected to the forward metal terminal member and a lead wire. The rear metal terminal member includes a forward end portion, a central portion, and a lead-wire connection portion. The forward end portion and the central portion are integrally connected through a first neck portion smaller in sectional area than the forward end portion and the central portion. The central portion and the lead-wire connection portion are integrally connected through a second neck portion smaller in sectional area than the central portion and the lead-wire connection portion. The first neck portion is greater in moment of inertia of area than the second neck portion.

An odor measurement apparatus includes an odor sensor detecting an odor and an imaging device having a lens portion, in which an imaging direction of the imaging device and an introduction direction of air when the air is guided to a sensor surface of the odor sensor through an introduction port are substantially the same direction. The odor measurement apparatus detects odor substances contained in air using a sensor when an odor is measured, and measures attribute information of a measurement target or the like of the odor. An odor data management apparatus stores and manages odor data measured by the odor measurement apparatus.

A control device of an exhaust sensor comprises a cell temperature detecting part detecting a temperature of the electrochemical cell, a heater control part controlling the heater so that a temperature of the electrochemical cell becomes the target temperature, and a judging part judging whether a water repellency of the protective layer is falling. The judging part judges that the water repellency of the protective layer is falling if a condition for judging abnormality is satisfied. The condition for judging abnormality includes a temperature of the electrochemical cell detected by the cell temperature detecting part falling from the target temperature and a speed of fall of the temperature being faster than a speed of fall of the temperature of the electrochemical cell when the heater is turned off.