The present invention includes a method for analyzing RNA fragments. In one aspect, the present invention includes a method of identifying a subject in need of therapeutic intervention to treat a disease or condition, disease recurrence, or disease progression comprises characterizing the identity of rRNA fragments. The invention also includes diagnosing, identifying or monitoring a disease or condition, and a method for identifying rRNA fragments. The invention also includes diagnosing, identifying or monitoring a glaucoma in a subject in need thereof by characterizing the identity of rRNA or tRNA fragments.

The present invention includes a method for analyzing RNA fragments. In one aspect, the present invention includes a method of identifying a subject in need of therapeutic intervention to treat a disease or condition, disease recurrence, or disease progression comprises characterizing the identity of rRNA fragments. The invention also includes diagnosing, identifying or monitoring a disease or condition, and a method for identifying rRNA fragments. The invention also includes diagnosing, identifying or monitoring a glaucoma in a subject in need thereof by characterizing the identity of rRNA or tRNA fragments.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for processing fundus images using fundus image processing machine learning models. One of the methods includes obtaining a model input comprising one or more fundus images, each fundus image being an image of a fundus of an eye of a patient; processing the model input using a fundus image processing machine learning model, wherein the fundus image processing machine learning model is configured to process the model input comprising the one or more fundus image to generate a model output; and processing the model output to generate health analysis data.

An anti-VEGF single-domain antibody and a VHH chain thereof have been described. A coding sequence for coding the single-domain antibody or the VHH chain thereof, a corresponding expression vector, a host cell capable of expressing the single-domain antibody, and a production method for the single-domain antibody have been presented. The single-domain antibody can specifically recognize human VEGFA and will not cause cross reactions with VEGFB, VEGFC and VEGFD, thus having a good specificity. The single-domain antibody can further recognize VEGFAs of a human, a rat, a rabbit and a monkey, effectively blocks interactions between VEGFA and VEGFR2 and between VEGFA and VEGFR1, has an excellent inhibiting effect on angiogenesis, and has a good stability in a non-preparation condition.

A method for assessing glaucoma in a patient may involve measuring an intraocular pressure of the patient and measuring an intracranial pressure in the patient, using a noninvasive eye tracking system. The method may then involve comparing the intraocular pressure to the intracranial pressure and assessing glaucoma in the patient, based on the comparing of the intraocular pressure to the intracranial pressure.

The present invention relates to a method for the early diagnosis of glaucoma based on the quantification of nestin in the aqueous humor of a patient.

The present disclosure provided methods for determining the severity of glaucoma using the expression levels of GDF15. Determining the severity of glaucoma aids in treatment decisions.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for processing fundus images using fundus image processing machine learning models. One of the methods includes obtaining a model input comprising one or more fundus images, each fundus image being an image of a fundus of an eye of a patient; processing the model input using a fundus image processing machine learning model, wherein the fundus image processing machine learning model is configured to process the model input comprising the one or more fundus image to generate a model output; and processing the model output to generate health analysis data.

Myocilin-binding agents including antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof and fusion proteins that immunospecifically bind the coiled-coil domain of myocilin but do not bind to misfolded myocilin are provided herein. The disclosed antibodies and antigen binding fragments and fusion proteins are useful for the detection and extraction of natively folded myocilin from a sample.

An application of a marker of a calcium-overload-mediated neuronal death in a preparation of a drug for treating multiple aging-related neurodegenerative diseases and in a disease testing method is provided. The aging-related neurodegenerative diseases include an Alzheimer's disease, a Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or glaucoma. The marker of the calcium-overload-mediated neuronal death and the application thereof, used in the present invention, are therapeutically effective for treating the Alzheimer's disease, the Parkinson's disease, the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the glaucoma. Moreover, calcium overload and TLK2 hyperphosphorylation may be used as new molecular markers for predicting a disease occurrence progress or testing a therapeutic effect.