This disclosure describes methods and compositions for detecting the presence of autoantibodies associated with autoimmune polyglandualar syndrome 1 (APS1) in a biological sample. In particular, detection of APS1-specific autoantibodies that specifically bind to certain APS1 associated autoantigens in such methods is described. Also provided are methods of treating subjects with APS1 or at risk of developing APS1 associated conditions. Also provided are devices and kits useful for the diagnosis and prognostic assessment of subjects having APS1 and for assessing subject risk at developing particular APS1-associated conditions.

One or more methods for sampling gingival metabolites and biomarkers.

Methods for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring the treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA) are described. The methods can include detecting the presence of one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breath of subjects suspected of having IA.

Disclosed herein are an optimal range of salivary MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) protein concentrations which allows for screening the risk of periodontitis, a method of its application for screening the risk of periodontitis using this range, the methods each comprising the steps: of measuring a concentration of MMP-9 protein in saliva taken from a subject; and establishing an optimal range of salivary MMP-9 concentrations which allows for screening the risk of periodontitis. Utilizing saliva taken in a non-invasive manner from a subject, the methods make it convenient to screen periodontitis. In addition, the methods have the effect of quickly and accurate determining the risk of periodontitis by measuring a concentration of MMP-9 protein present in a trace amount in saliva and enable periodontitis to be easily determined in clinics and at home.

Methods of identifying an individual as being a slow gingivitis responder or a high gingivitis responder are disclosed. Some methods are based on IL-1β levels in the individual's GCF at the site of inflammation. Some methods are based on MIF and/or CCL-1 levels in the individual's GCF in healthy tissue distant from the site of inflammation. Some disclosed methods are based on temporal differences in IL-8, IL-6 and/or TNFα levels in the individual's GCF in healthy tissue distant from the site of inflammation during the development of plaque induced inflammation. Methods of treating an individual who has gingivitis and methods of preventing gingivitis are also provided. The treatment and prevention methods comprise determining if individual is a slow gingivitis responder or a high gingivitis responder and applying oral care compositions to the individual's oral cavity.

Teeth are screened for periodontal disease using digitized images manipulated and annotated on a processor. A digitized radiographic image of a tooth shows locations of a bone boundary and a cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) of the tooth. The digitized radiographic image is marked on the processor with a location on the bone boundary and with a pair of CEJ points at opposite ends of the CEJ visible in the radiograph. A ratio between (a) a distance between the bone boundary location and the adjacent CEJ point as numerator and (b) a distance between the CEJ points as denominator is calculated on the processor and compared with a threshold ratio-value for a corresponding tooth from a database accessible by the processor. A calculated ratio-value which is greater than the database threshold ratio-value is indicative of periodontal disease in the tooth. The probability of the correct diagnostic decision is determined by the relative magnitude of the calculated ratio-value and the threshold ratio-value.

The present invention is directed to an aptamer composition comprising at least one oligonucleotide consisting of: deoxyribonucleotides, ribonucleotides, derivatives of deoxyribonucleotides, derivatives of ribonucleotides, and mixtures thereof; wherein said aptamer composition has a binding affinity for one or more bacterial species from the genera Prevotella and Porphyromonas.

A composition for detecting blood includes 3,3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine, cumene hydroperoxide, and a surfactant. The composition is an aqueous solution. The surfactant is an anionic surfactant or a non-ionic surfactant. The composition is useful for the detection of blood, in particular occult blood in saliva. Also described are methods for detecting blood using the composition, a kit including the composition, and the use of a surfactant to reduce the time taken to detect blood.

Methods for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring the treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA) are described. The methods can include detecting the presence of one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breath of subjects suspected of having IA.

The present disclosure describes methods for preventing or treating periodontitis or diseases associated with periodontitis. The present disclosure also describes methods of screening for compounds that can be used to prevent or treat periodontitis or diseases associated with periodontitis.