The present disclosure provides methods of identifying patients who have partial or total resistance to HIF-2 inhibitors or who develop partial or total resistance to HIF-2 inhibitors after treatment and providing suitable treatment to these patients.

In accordance with some embodiments herein, methods of determining signatures of HMGB1 isoforms in a subject are provided. In some embodiments, antibodies that bind specifically to HMGB1 isoforms are provided. In some embodiments, immunoassay kits are provided.

Described herein are methods that use blood biomarkers to identify an increased risk of multiple independent infection episodes (MIIE) before clinical signs of infection appear. Thus, provided herein are methods for detecting or predicting risk of developing multiple independent infection episodes (MIIE) in a subject who has experienced blunt trauma.

The invention relates to methods and kits for quantitating radiation exposure in a subject exposed to radiation, at risk of exposure to radiation or suspected of having been exposed to radiation. In embodiments, the present disclosure provides multiplexed immunoassays for quantifying amounts of biomarkers for assessing radiation exposure in a sample. Also provided herein are kits for performing the multiplexed assays.

The present invention relates to methods and kits to assess an absorbed dose of ionizing radiation and/or the severity of tissue injury from radiation in a patient. The invention also relates to algorithms used to calculate an absorbed dose of radiation based on biomarker measurements of a plurality of biomarkers that are altered relative to a normal control in the event of radiation exposure.

The effect of laser stimulation, e.g., R:GEN, of the RPE and its impact on MMPs and RAAS pathways are used to guide patient therapies. Certain biomarkers, namely MMPs, TIMPs, and components associated with RAAS, are effective indicators of healing response levels generated by the patients undergoing the therapy. An eye disease is diagnosed in a patient and a first biomarker sample is obtained from a biomatrix, e.g., patient's blood in containers with protease inhibitors. An initial subthreshold laser treatment is then performed on the eye. By monitoring the presence, amount, and relative levels of one or more of the above biomarkers as the patient heals, it is determined when the patient's body has sufficiently responded to the previous treatment, such that retreatment may be appropriate. The present disclosure demonstrates effective treatment of eye diseases, e.g., dry age-related macular degeneration, which utilize laser treatment alone or in combination with other treatments.

In one embodiment, the present invention pertains to the use of anoctamin as a biomarker for determining radiation dosimetery. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to the use of anoctamin as a biomarker for diagnosing the presence of radiation toxicity in a subject who has been exposed to ionizing radiation, as well as for determining the absorbed radiation dose in a subject who has been exposed to a known or unknown dose of ionizing radiation. In another embodiment, the expression level of anoctamin can be used as a secondary endpoint to determine mechanisms of action and/or pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of an agent for reducing radiation toxicity.

Provided are methods of determining prior radiation dose exposure levels for subjects, and kits therefor. Also provided are methods of treatment.

Disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one polycationic aliphatic amine, in particular spermidine, spermine or a combination thereof. The compositions can further comprise one or more selected from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine and an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) such as difluoromethyl ornithine (DFMO). Also disclosed herein are methods of determining the presence of a type of wound and methods for treating the same, i.e. acute or non-healing wounds, which in a particular embodiment, comprises determining the ratio of putrescine versus spermidine/spermine. The present disclosure also includes methods promoting re-epithelialisation of wounds and pharmaceutical compositions for the same use.

A method for detection or monitoring status of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and/or spinal cord injury (SCI) in a subject is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises contacting a specimen of bodily fluid obtained from the subject with reagents for assaying for a marker of TBI selected from aldolase C (ALDOC) and brain lipid binding protein (BLBP/FABP7), or a trauma-specific break down product (BDP) of ALDOC or BLBP/FABP7. The method further comprises measuring the amount of marker present in the specimen as compared to a control sample, and determining the presence of TBI or SCI when an elevated amount of marker is present in the specimen compared to the control sample. Optionally, the method further comprises measuring the amount of glutamine synthetase (GS), astrocytic phosphoprotein PEA-15 (PEA15), αB-crystallin (CRYAB/HSP27), a trauma-specific proteolytic cleavage product of ALDOC, GS, PEA15, or CRYAB, or any combination of two or more thereof.