Disclosed are an apparatus for measuring an in-situ crosslink density includes a support configured to fix or support a cross-linkable structure, a light source configured to irradiate light for crosslinking to the cross-linkable structure, and a probe configured to provide in-situ micro-deformation to the cross-linkable structure, wherein the in-situ crosslink density of the cross-linkable structure is measured from a stress-strain phase lag of the cross-linkable structure by the in-situ micro-deformation, a method of measuring the in-situ crosslink density, a method of manufacturing a crosslinked product, a crosslinked product obtained by the method, and a polymer substrate and an electronic device including the crosslinked product.

A non-destructive testing method for an elastic modulus of fine ceramic, an apparatus, and a storage medium, including controlling intact fine ceramic to enter a first testing position, fixing the test sample, controlling an ultrasonic testing instrument to be adjusted to a position of the sample, performing ultrasonic testing e, and collecting testing data; adjusting the sample to a second testing position, performing resilience testing on the sample, and collecting resilience data; building a data model according to the testing data, or substituting the testing data into the pre-built data model to obtain elastic modulus characterization data of the test sample. The test sample does not need to be cut into small-size test samples and is not destroyed, and the intact fine ceramic is subjected to non-destructive testing. The accuracy of tested data is improved, damage to the test sample is also avoided, and reuse of the sample is realized.

A multimode ultrasonic probe tip and transducer integrated into a micro tool, such as a nano indenter or a nano indenter interfaced with a Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) is described. The tip component may be utilized to determine mechanical properties or characteristics of a sample, including for example, complex elastic modulus, hardness, friction coefficient, and strain and stress at nanometer scales and high frequencies. The tip component is configured to operate at multi-resonant frequencies providing sub-nanometer vertical resolution. The tip component may be quasi-statistically calibrated and contact mechanics constitutive equations may be utilized to derive mechanical properties of a sample. Contact mechanical impedance and acoustic impedance may also be compared.

The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for determining the mechanical state of an agricultural land, wherein sensors, arranged in a tillage element of an agricultural machine, obtain measurements of a vibratory signal which is the product of the tillage operation of the agricultural machine on the land. Communication means send said measurements in data packets to a processor module. The processor module transfers the measurements to the frequency domain and calculates energy measurements in order to finally determine the mechanical state of the agricultural land, based on the analysis of said calculated energies, wherein the mechanical state determined comprises a degree of hardness and a degree of plasticity.

Disclosed is a device for analyzing dynamic characteristics of a carbon composite material based on a test temperature, an orientation of a carbon material, and an external loading pattern applied thereto. The device includes a sensitivity analyzer configured to calculate a frequency response function of the carbon composite material based on a physical force signal and a vibration signal; and calculate a sensitivity of the carbon composite material to each of variations in the test temperature, an orientation of a carbon material contained in the carbon composite material, and the external loading pattern applied thereto, based on the calculated frequency response function.

A material testing machine, including a machine body, a first fixing element, a second fixing element and a detection assembly; the first and the second fixing elements are mounted to the machine body, the first fixing element is configured to mount a first testing element, and the second fixing element is configured to mount a second testing element; in a first state, the first and the second testing elements are in sliding contact; in a second state, the first fixing element drives the first testing element to collide with the second testing element; the detection assembly is configured to detect a target parameter, and in the first state, the target parameter includes a friction force and/or, a friction sound between the first and the second testing elements; and in the second state, the target parameter includes a collision force received by the first or the second testing element.

A method for acoustically measuring material properties of a test piece at high temperatures, includes the steps of: heating the test piece to within a testing temperature range; performing a background measurement within said testing temperature range by capturing a vibrational signal from the test piece within a calibration period, thereby obtaining a noise signal; performing an acoustic measurement on said test piece within said testing temperature range and within a testing period by: imparting a vibrational excitation onto the test piece; capturing a vibrational signal of the test piece within the testing period, thereby obtaining a vibrational response signal to said vibrational excitation, and obtaining the material properties of the test piece by analyzing the vibrational response signal, thereby taking into account the noise signal. A system is provided for acoustically measuring material properties of a test piece at high temperatures.

Methods and instrumentation for estimation of nonlinear bulk elasticity parameters (NEP) of a material through measuring nonlinear propagation delays (NPDs) at a set of multiple range cells along at least one transmit beam axis, and adapting said NEPs to minimize a functional of the NEPs. The method calculates a distance between a model of the NPDs with the NEPs as input and the measured NPDs, and estimated NEPs are obtained at the minimum of the functional. The NPDs are measured by transmitting at least two pulse complexes comprising a low frequency (LF) and a high frequency (HF) pulse with differences in the LF pulse, along at least one common LF and HF transmit beam axes, and gating out HF receive signals from a multitude of depth ranges along said at least one HF transmit beam axis, and comparing the HF receive signals from two pulse complexes with difference in the LF pulse for each depth range.

Disclosed is a device for analyzing dynamic characteristics of a carbon composite material based on a test temperature, an orientation of a carbon material, and an external loading pattern applied thereto. The device includes a sensitivity analyzer configured to calculate a frequency response function of the carbon composite material based on a physical force signal and a vibration signal; and calculate a sensitivity of the carbon composite material to each of variations in the test temperature, an orientation of a carbon material contained in the carbon composite material, and the external loading pattern applied thereto, based on the calculated frequency response function.

The invention pertains to an apparatus for analyzing a mechanical vibratory response of a solid material sample, the apparatus comprising: an array of impactors arranged to impart an impact on respective well-defined points on the surface of said solid material sample; a sensor configured to capture said mechanical vibratory response as a time-varying signal, subsequent to an impact of said at least one impactor; and processing means configured to analyze said time-varying signal to determine the frequencies and decay constants of sinusoids making up said time-varying signal. The invention also pertains to a corresponding method of characterizing a solid material sample.