A method includes: performing a time-frequency analysis on measurement data to obtain waveform data representing a temporal change in the intensity of each of a plurality of frequency components; dividing the waveform data of each of a plurality of predetermined frequencies into a plurality of segments so that each section where positive values successively occur and each section where negative values successively occur in a time-axis direction are defined as one segment; calculating the area of each of the segments to obtain segment values; creating, for the waveform data of each of the predetermined frequency components, a selected segment group by excluding a segment whose segment value exceeds a predetermined reference value from the segments in the waveform data; and determining a noise level of each of the predetermined frequency components based on the average value of the segment values of the segments included in the selected segment group.

Methods and systems for analyzing oscillatory fluorescence representing an oscillatory ion flux associated with one or more biological cells. An illustrative method of analysis may comprise detecting fluorescence from one or more biological cells to produce a series of data points describing an oscillation pattern. A series of slopes may be calculated for the oscillation pattern. For example, a sliding window may be used to define subsets of the series of data points from which the series of slopes are calculated. Peaks of the oscillation pattern may be identified using the series of slopes. Primary peaks and secondary peaks, if any, in the oscillation pattern may be identified and characterized by multiple measurements. An aspect of the secondary peaks may be determined. Appearance of secondary peaks may indicate a potential risk of cardiotoxicity or neurotoxicity.

A mass spectrometry method includes detecting, in a first mass spectrometry of a sample containing a glycan having a plurality of sialic acids each modified differently, a plurality of oxonium ions derived from each of the plurality of sialic acids, and calculating relative values of intensities of the plurality of oxonium ions based on data obtained by the detection.

The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical analysis and quantitative detection, in particular to a quantitative detection method for snake venom thrombin-like enzyme (SVTLE) from Agkistrodon halys pallas. The quantitative detection method for the SVTLE includes the following steps of taking a reference substance of marker peptide for the SVTLE from Agkistrodon halys pallas with an amino acid sequence of LDSPVSNSAHIAPLSLPSSAPSVGSVCR, and preparing a series of reference solutions with different concentrations; adding the reference solutions in test solutions respectively for enzymolysis, and then taking a supernatant after enzymolysis as a series of solutions to be detected; and adding the solutions to be detected in a liquid chromatogram-mass spectrometer, and then selecting a qualitative ion pair and a quantitative ion pair to detect contents of marker peptide in the solutions to be detected.

Systems and methods are disclosed for identifying actual XIC peaks of compounds of interest from samples so that more accurate expected retention times and more accurate expected retention time windows can be calculated. In one system, an actual XIC peak is identified using standard samples. The ratio of the quantity of the compound of interest in any two different samples is known, so this ratios is compared to the intensities of the XIC peak calculated in the two samples to identify an actual XIC peak. In another system, an actual XIC peak is identified using information about other compounds of interest in a plurality of samples. It is known that the XIC peaks of compounds of interest in the same samples have a similar distribution of retention times across those samples, so the distributions of retention times of XIC peaks are compared to identify actual XIC peaks.

The present disclosure relates to an improved method for the manufacture of polypeptides comprising at least three or at least four immunoglobulin single variable domains (ISVDs). More specifically, an improved method is provided of producing, purifying and isolating polypeptides comprising at least three or at least four ISVDs in which an undesired product-related conformational variant is reduced or absent.

A peak tracking device includes a chromatogram acquirer that acquires chromatograms based on measurement data pieces obtained from measurements by an analyzer in accordance with analysis condition data pieces, a score calculator that calculates score data based on a belonging probability, the probability being calculated for each peak appeared in each chromatogram to belong to one of substances included in a sample, and a score displayer that displays on a display the score data calculated by the score calculator.

Provided is a chromatography mass spectrometry capable of peak detection that can deal with a wide concentration range of a sample component and providing an evaluated value for the result. A plurality of samples having different known concentrations of a component are measured to detect a start point, an apex, and an end point of a peak. Regarding the start point, the apex, and the end point of the detected peak, an evaluated value such as probability is provided as a score to determine a score function. A component having an unknown concentration is measured to detect a start point, an apex, and an end point of a peak. Regarding the start point, the apex, and the end point of the detected peak, the score function is applied to evaluate peak detection results, and a result having a high evaluated value is selected as a peak.

A cloud server platform end is used to construct a mass spectrum species classification model, extract a mass spectrum data feature, and construct a training model of the convolutional neural network; a user platform end is used to upload the mass spectrum, experiment condition and device data, directly screen and identify the type of the mass spectrum based on the mass spectrum species classification model or the mass spectrum information base, automatically compare and identify the species and name of the pesticides based on the neural network model trained by the cloud server platform end, and feedback the comparison result to the user. The disclosure solves the restriction on the purchase of standards for user, the use of the system is not limited by the location, and the pesticide residues could be detected automatically, quickly and accurately.

A drive module that includes an electric motor, a differential assembly with a differential input member and a pair of differential output members, a multi-speed transmission assembly, which transmits rotary power between the electric motor and the differential input member, and a pair of axle shafts that are each coupled to an associated one of the differential output members for rotation therewith. The multi-speed transmission assembly and includes a housing, a two-speed planetary transmission stage, a plurality of clutches and a transmission output member that provides rotary power to the differential input member. The two-speed planetary transmission stage has an input sun gear, which is driven by the motor, and employs a set of planet gears having compound planet gears that provide a gear reduction between the sun gear and the transmission output member. The clutches are employed to control an overall reduction ratio.