Time-based sag in a fluid can be measured non-invasively using a time-based sag testing apparatus by measuring the change in rotational inertia over time of fluid having no initial density gradient and a center of mass initially coincident with its geometric center.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to simultaneously pumping and measuring density of an aircraft fuel. The aircraft fuel is pumped by a centrifugal pump having an impeller. A rotational frequency of the impeller is determined while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Flow rate of the aircraft fuel through the centrifugal pump is sensed. Pressure of the aircraft fuel is measured at two different points within or across the centrifugal pump or a differential pressure is measured between the two different points while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Density of the aircraft fuel is determined based on a head-curve relation characterizing the centrifugal pump. The head-curve relation relates the fuel density to the rotational frequency, the flow rate, and pressures at the two different points or the differential pressure between the two different points.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to simultaneously pumping and measuring density of an aircraft fuel. The aircraft fuel is pumped by a centrifugal pump having an impeller. A rotational frequency of the impeller is determined while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Flow rate of the aircraft fuel through the centrifugal pump is sensed. Pressure of the aircraft fuel is measured at two different points within or across the centrifugal pump or a differential pressure is measured between the two different points while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Density of the aircraft fuel is determined based on an empirically-determined head-curve relation corresponding to the centrifugal pump. The head-curve relation is empirically determined during a characterization phase. The empirically-determined head-curve relation relates the density of the aircraft fuel to the rotational frequency, the flow rate, and the pressures at the two different points.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to simultaneously pumping and measuring density of an aircraft fuel. The aircraft fuel is pumped by a centrifugal pump having an impeller. A rotational frequency of the impeller is determined while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Flow rate of the aircraft fuel through the centrifugal pump is sensed. Pressure of the aircraft fuel is measured at two different points within or across the centrifugal pump or a differential pressure is measured between the two different points while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Density of the aircraft fuel is determined based on an empirically-determined head-curve relation corresponding to the centrifugal pump. The head-curve relation is empirically determined during a characterization phase. The empirically-determined head-curve relation relates the density of the aircraft fuel to the rotational frequency, the flow rate, and the pressures at the two different points.

To improve the measurement accuracy of a particle size distribution measuring device that performs a particle size distribution measurement in a line start mode. A measurement cell used in a line start mode of a centrifugal sedimentation type particle size distribution measuring device includes: a cell main body that has an opening provided on one end and stores therein a density gradient liquid W.sub.DGS; and a cell cap that closes the opening of the cell main body and has an internal passage R provided therein for holding a sample liquid W.sub.SS. When an application of a centrifugal force is received, the sample liquid W.sub.SS is introduced from the internal passage R into the density gradient liquid W.sub.DGS.

To improve the measurement accuracy of a particle size distribution measuring device that performs a particle size distribution measurement in a line start mode. A measurement cell used in a line start mode of a centrifugal sedimentation type particle size distribution measuring device includes: a cell main body that has an opening provided on one end and stores therein a density gradient liquid W.sub.DGS; and a cell cap that closes the opening of the cell main body and has an internal passage R provided therein for holding a sample liquid W.sub.SS. When an application of a centrifugal force is received, the sample liquid W.sub.SS is introduced from the internal passage R into the density gradient liquid W.sub.DGS.

A connected health care system is provided with various devices for tracking and monitoring health statistics and behaviors including oral health, fitness, heart health, bone health, salivary diagnostics, diabetes, and further options that will be explored in the subsequent sections. The connected health care system is comprised of various devices, a data transfer medium (i.e. “smartphone”), and the Cloud, which allows for data transfer between multiple platforms and devices. Some devices comprised in the connected health care system include a toothbrush, a connected surface with sensors, a salivary diagnostic system, a breath analysis system, and further devices that will be explored in the subsequent sections. The connected health care system further provides a user identification system utilizing capacitive coupling of the human body between devices.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to measuring density of aircraft fuel. The aircraft fuel is circumferentially pumped about an impeller axis by a centrifugal pump. Differential pressure of the aircraft fuel is measured between two different points within the centrifugal pump, each a different radial distance from an impeller axis. Rotational frequency of the impeller of the centrifugal pump is measured. Density of the aircraft fuel is calculated based on the rotational frequency and the differential pressure.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to measuring density of aircraft fuel. The aircraft fuel is circumferentially pumped about an impeller axis by a centrifugal pump. Differential pressure of the aircraft fuel is measured between two different points within the centrifugal pump, each a different radial distance from an impeller axis. Rotational frequency of the impeller of the centrifugal pump is measured. Density of the aircraft fuel is calculated based on the rotational frequency and the differential pressure.

The invention provides a high-throughput screening system based on multi-manipulators, and belongs to the field of biotechnology and detection equipment. A high-throughput screening system based on multi-manipulators, comprises of the first manipulator, sampler, pipette, plate washer, microplate reader, the second manipulator, centrifuge, deep-well plate library, waste shallow-well plate barrel, shallow-well plate library, waste needle plate barrel, needle library, waste deep-well plate barrel, collection box. The present invention is a combination of microbiology and mechanics. The aim of the invention is to realize the automation and intelligentization of the high throughput screening experiment, effectively improve the experimental accuracy, reliability and efficiency. It contributes to the development of high throughput screening technology for microorganisms and drugs.