A method for estimating resistances of a circuit having a plurality of resistances comprising a first resistance and a second resistance may include applying a first bias voltage across the circuit and measuring a first voltage at a common node between the first resistance and the second resistance in order to determine a mathematical relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance, applying a second bias voltage across the circuit and a third resistance in parallel with the circuit and measuring a second voltage at the common node between the first resistance and the second resistance in order to determine a mathematical relationship between the third resistance and at least one of the first resistance and the second resistance, and based on at least the measurement of the first voltage and the measurement of the second voltage, determining the first resistance and the second resistance as a function of the third resistance.

A system for acoustically detecting dielectric breakdown of, or partial discharge within, or on, an electrical device includes at least one electroacoustic (EA) transducer configured to detect an acoustic vibration of the electrical device, and a controller electrically connected to the at least one EA transducer. The controller is configured to receive a signal from the at least one EA transducer, and analyze the signal to determine whether the signal includes data associated with an acoustic vibration in a frequency range of dielectric breakdown and/or partial discharge of the electrical device. The applicability of such a system includes, but is not limited to, electronic parts or assembly screening, life characterization testing for materials and processes, diagnostic methods or aides, augmenting testing of components, assemblies or systems, and in service monitoring to support preventative or condition based maintenance to avert an in-service issues.

The present disclosure relates to a redundant current sensor (100), comprising, in a common chip package (20), a first integrated magnetoresistive sensor circuit (110A) and a second integrated magnetoresistive sensor circuit (110B).

A monitoring device for monitoring an impedance of a protective conductor. The monitoring device has a first voltage divider for connection to a voltage source including a series connection to a first resistor and a second resistor. The second resistor has a resistance value which corresponds to a threshold value for the impedance of the protective conductor. A second voltage divider includes a series connection to a third resistor and a bridge diode and a connection to the first resistor at a first end of the third resistor and connectable to a second end of the third resistor and to the protective conductor. A measuring device is provided for the detection of a bridge voltage between a first node and a second node if the impedance of the protective conductor is greater than the value of the second resistor.

A method for detecting an error in a bridge sensor which is adapted for measuring a physical parameter. The method comprises biasing a first contact pair of the bridge sensor at least two times in a first direction and at least one time in a second direction opposite to the first direction; while biasing the first contact pair, measuring an output signal on a different contact pair of the bridge sensor, thus obtaining at least three output measurements which are representative for the physical parameter and which are separated by time intervals; combining the output measurements to obtain an output value which is indicative for an error in the bridge sensor, wherein the output measurements which are combined are only those output measurements which are measured when biasing the first contact pair.

A method for detecting an error in a bridge sensor which is adapted for measuring a physical parameter. The method comprises biasing a first contact pair of the bridge sensor at least two times in a first direction and at least one time in a second direction opposite to the first direction; while biasing the first contact pair, measuring an output signal on a different contact pair of the bridge sensor, thus obtaining at least three output measurements which are representative for the physical parameter and which are separated by time intervals; combining the output measurements to obtain an output value which is indicative for an error in the bridge sensor, wherein the output measurements which are combined are only those output measurements which are measured when biasing the first contact pair.

The present disclosure generally relates to a Wheatstone bridge array that has four resistors. Each resistor includes a plurality of TMR structures. Two resistors have identical TMR structures. The remaining two resistors also have identical TMR structures, though the TMR structures are different from the other two resistors. Additionally, the two resistors that have identical TMR structures have a different resistance area as compared to the remaining two resistors that have identical TMR structures. Therefore, the working bias field for the Wheatstone bridge array is non-zero.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to sensing a physical parameter and verifying correct operation of a system used to sense the physical parameter. A sensing device includes four resistive elements configured in a Wheatstone bridge configuration is configured to sense the physical parameter. A biasing network selectively provides first and second biasing conditions to the sensing device. First and second output electrical signals are generated by the sensing device in response to the first and second biasing conditions, respectively, selectively provided to the sensing device. The first and second output electrical signals are each indicative of the parameter value of the physical parameter, but not necessarily equal to one another. A verification module verifies correct operation of the system based on a consistency determination of first and second output electrical signals.

A method for estimating resistances of a circuit having a plurality of resistances comprising a first resistance and a second resistance may include applying a first bias voltage across the circuit and measuring a first voltage at a common node between the first resistance and the second resistance in order to determine a mathematical relationship between the first resistance and the second resistance, applying a second bias voltage across the circuit and a third resistance in parallel with the circuit and measuring a second voltage at the common node between the first resistance and the second resistance in order to determine a mathematical relationship between the third resistance and at least one of the first resistance and the second resistance, and based on at least the measurement of the first voltage and the measurement of the second voltage, determining the first resistance and the second resistance as a function of the third resistance.

Provided are a detection circuit of a bridge sensor, a chip and a detection system. The detection circuit includes: an alternating current excitation module, and further includes a signal conditioning module, an analog-to-digital conversion module and a processing module connected in sequence. The alternating current excitation module is configured to apply an alternating current excitation signal to the bridge sensor. The signal conditioning module and the analog-to-digital conversion module are configured to sequentially process an output signal of the bridge sensor. The processing module is configured to demodulate the processed output signal and obtain detection information of the bridge sensor according to the demodulated output signal. In embodiments of the present disclosure, a white noise of the system can be greatly suppressed, and a signal-to-noise ratio of the system is improved, thereby improving detection performance of the bridge sensor.