Method and apparatus for detecting in impedance change in a transmission line, such as a line in a computer bus. A CMOS-compatible time domain reflectometer circuit comprising a comparator is embedded in one or more chips and connected to the transmission line. The circuit measures the impedance inhomogeneity pattern (IIP) of the transmission line prior to use, and then repeatedly measures the HP during operation of the transmission line to detect a change in IIP, without Interfering with data transfer through the transmission line. The present invention can detect and locate wire-tapping magnetic probing or snooping, and Trojan and cold boot attacks on interconnecting buses between computer chips or integrated circuits in a computer system, such as on external memory buses.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for high impedance detection in electric distribution systems. An example method may include calculating, by a processor, a relative randomness of a signal, wherein the relative randomness is a derivative of a first scale wavelet transform divided by an energy of the signal. The example method may also include calculating, by the processor, one or more scales of a wavelet transform of the signal. The example method may also include calculating, by the processor, one or more energy ratios between energy of the wavelet transform in the one or more scales. The example method may also include calculating, by the processor, a zero-crossing phase difference between a third harmonic and a fundamental component of the signal. The example method may also include determining, by the processor, that a high impedance fault occurs based on at least one of: the relative randomness, a comparison between the one or more scales of the wavelet transform, and the zero-crossing phase difference.

An apparatus is disclosed to identify defects in a cable plant including a cable comprises a carriage and a roller attached to the carriage. The roller is configured to sit on a cable plant. A motor is attached to the carriage and is coupled to the roller to cause rotation of the roller in at least a first direction, to cause movement of the carriage across the cable plant. A transmitter is attached to the carriage and an antenna is coupled to the transmitter. The antenna is configured to emit an RF signal under the control of the transmitter. If there is a defect in the cable, the RF signal may enter the cable through a defect. Detection of the RF signal in the cable is indicative of the presence of a defect in the cable and the location of the defect. Methods and systems are also disclosed.

A method for reducing and/or managing energy-related stress in an electrical system includes processing electrical measurement data from or derived from energy-related signals captured by at least one intelligent electronic device (IED) in the electrical system to identify and track at least one energy-related transient in the electrical system. An impact of the at least one energy-related transient on equipment in the electrical system is quantified, and one or more transient-related alarms are generated in response to the impact of the at least one energy-related transient being near, within or above a predetermined range of the stress tolerance of the equipment. The transient-related alarms are prioritized based in part on at least one of the stress tolerance of the equipment, the stress associated with one or more transient events, and accumulated energy-related stress on the equipment. One or more actions are taken in the electrical system in response to the transient-related alarms to reduce energy-related stress on the equipment in the electrical system.

A circuit having a digital output for connecting an electrical wire that is connected to an actuator, the digital output having a high level in a first voltage range, a low level in a second voltage range, and a third voltage range that is formed between the first voltage range and the second voltage range. The circuit being configured to output a test voltage, wherein the test voltage differs by a voltage difference from the high level and the low level.

A circuit having a digital output for connecting an electrical wire that is connected to an actuator, the digital output having a high level in a first voltage range, a low level in a second voltage range, and a third voltage range that is formed between the first voltage range and the second voltage range. The circuit being configured to output a test voltage, wherein the test voltage differs by a voltage difference from the high level and the low level.

According to one embodiment, an insulation diagnostic system comprising: a peak-value acquisition circuit configured to acquire at least one peak value of a section corresponding to local discharge of a voltage signal acquired by at least one sensor that detects the voltage signal in a non-contact manner; a function acquisition circuit configured to acquire a calculation function for calculating charge amount related to the discharge based on at least two peak values acquired from the voltage signal that is detected by the sensor by applying a test voltage to a rotating electrical machine while the rotating electrical machine is stopped; and a charge-amount calculation circuit configured to calculate the charge amount related to partial discharge of the rotating electrical machine based on the calculation function and the peak value obtained from the voltage signal that is detected by the sensor during operation of the rotating electrical machine.

A power distribution monitoring system (100) is provided that can include a number of features. The system can include a plurality of monitoring devices configured to attach to conductor(s) on a power grid distribution network. In some embodiments, a monitoring device is disposed on each conductor of a three-phase network and utilizes a complex platform of software and hardware to detect faults and disturbances that can be analyzed to determine or predict the risk of wildfires.

The present disclosure relates to wireless electrical discontinuity detection methods and systems, the systems including at least one conduit having an outer layer including an electrically conductive material, an electrical signal generator electrically coupled to the at least one conduit, the electrical signal generator being configured to deliver electrical signals to the outer layer of the at least one conduit, and a detector device in electrical communication with the electrical signal generator and configured to detect an electrical signal from the electrically conductive outer layer, the detector device being configured to identify at least one of electrical connection and ground discontinuity in the at least one conduit based on the detected electrical signal, wherein the detector device is in wireless communication with a control station.

The present disclosure relates to wireless electrical discontinuity detection methods and systems, the systems including at least one conduit having an outer layer including an electrically conductive material, an electrical signal generator electrically coupled to the at least one conduit, the electrical signal generator being configured to deliver electrical signals to the outer layer of the at least one conduit, and a detector device in electrical communication with the electrical signal generator and configured to detect an electrical signal from the electrically conductive outer layer, the detector device being configured to identify at least one of electrical connection and ground discontinuity in the at least one conduit based on the detected electrical signal, wherein the detector device is in wireless communication with a control station.