A remote control device testing environment evaluates operational performance of physical implementations of remote control devices. This operational performance of the physical implementations of the remote control devices allows the integrated circuits of the remote control devices as well as integrated circuit interfaces electrically coupling these integrated circuits to each other to be evaluated. Additionally, the interconnection, such as electrical coupling to provide an example, between these integrated circuits and/or the integrated circuit interfaces can be evaluated which otherwise would not be evaluated by software simulation alone. Moreover, the evaluating of this operational performance of the physical implementations of the remote control devices allows these remote control devices to be in evaluated in a real world environment with exposure to various environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and/or electromagnetic interference to provide some examples. Furthermore, the evaluating of this operational performance of the physical implementations of the remote control devices allows interactions between these remote control devices and other electronic devices to be evaluated.

A system includes a dry contact with a first pair of switchable electrodes, a wet contact with a second pair of switchable electrodes, an arc suppressor, and a controller circuit operatively coupled to the arc suppressor and the first and second pairs of switchable electrodes. The controller circuit is configured to detect a failure of the wet contact and determine a stick duration associated with the first pair of switchable electrodes. The stick duration is based on a duration between an instance when a coil of the dry contact is deactivated and an instance of separation of the first pair of switchable electrodes during deactivation of the coil. The controller circuit generates, in-situ and in real-time, health assessment for the first pair of switchable electrodes based on a comparison of the determined stick duration with an average stick duration associated with a window of observation.

A circuit includes a high-side transistor pair and a low-side transistor pair having a common intermediate node. The high-side transistor pair includes a first transistor having a control node and a current flowpath therethrough configured to provide a current flow line between a supply voltage node and the intermediate node, and a second transistor having a current flowpath therethrough coupled to the control node of the first transistor. The low-side transistor pair includes a third transistor having a control node and a current flowpath therethrough configured to provide a current flow line between the intermediate node and the reference voltage node, and a fourth transistor having a current flowpath therethrough coupled to the control node of the third transistor. Testing circuitry is configured to be coupled to at least one of the second transistor and the fourth transistor to apply thereto a test-mode signal.

The proposed mechanism for weld detection, uses isolation monitoring circuits (which is used for measurement of the leakage current between battery positive and negative to the chassis ground (on pack or link side) and checks the health status of the contactors. The mechanism connects isolation monitoring circuit between two points on the battery pack (between two sides of the high current contactors) and measures the resistance of two points, therefore checking the continuity of the contactors in the system. Since it can measure a range of resistance, it can also check if a contactor is completely welded or it has been partially welded. This would be important because in case of partial weld, the car can fix the problem and remove the partial weld by activating and deactivating the contactors for several time, with or without inserting high current in the coil of the contactors. Since the proposed mechanism is using available measurement circuits of the isolation monitoring unit and these circuits are designed with high reliability (which is required for the electrical vehicles), the proposed mechanism is going to lower the cost of the entire vehicle while keeping the passenger safe.

A diagnostic circuit (60) for diagnosing a battery disconnect unit (100) for disconnecting a battery system (200) from an electrical system (300). The battery disconnect unit (100) includes a first switching element (S1) and a second switching element (S2). A first connection of the first switching element (S1) is connected to a first node point (8), and a second connection of the first switching element (S1) is connected to the first terminal (2). A first connection of the second switching element (S2) is connected to the first node point (8), and a second connection of the second switching element (S2) is connected to the second terminal (4). The diagnostic circuit (60) includes a first voltage divider (61) and a second voltage divider (62).

An electronic test node (1) for a safety chain (22) in a passenger conveyor system includes an electrical connection (2) for an associated safety switch (4). A processor (6) is configured to monitor a signal carried by the electrical connection (2) so as to detect whether the associated safety switch (4) is open or closed. The electronic test node (1) further includes a test switch (8) connected in series with the electrical connection (2), wherein the processor (6) is configured to run a test by selectively opening the test switch (8) and monitoring for a change in the signal carried by the electrical connection (2).

A signal detecting circuit of a micro switch includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal and a micro controller. The first terminal has two ends that are respectively connected to a normally closed terminal of the micro switch and a resistor. The second terminal has two ends that are respectively connected to a normally opened terminal of the micro switch and a ground. The third terminal is connected to a common terminal of the micro switch. The micro controller has two ends that are respectively connected to the first terminal and the third terminal. When an elastic plate of the micro switch is pressed down, the common terminal is connected to the normally opened terminal. When the elastic plate of the micro switch is released, the common terminal is connected to the normally closed terminal.

Discussed is a contactor management method and a battery system to perform the method, wherein the battery system includes a contactor connected between a battery pack and an external device; a voltage measurer to measure a first operation voltage supplied to the contactor; and a controller to determine opening or closing of the contactor based on the first operation voltage measured from the voltage measurer, wherein the controller determines the contactor as open in an opened state when the first operation voltage is not supplied to the contactor, determines the contactor as closed in a closed state when the first operation voltage is supplied to the contactor, and counts each openings and closings of the contactor and determines a replacement time of the contactor based on a sum value of the counts exceeding a predetermined reference value.

A safety switch input diagnosis device includes a circuit formed from a series connection of an emergency stop switch and a line having a resistor. A connection state of the emergency stop switch and failure modes of the lines are diagnosed on the basis of a voltage value at one end of the circuit. Consequently, an operation of the switch and failure modes of a circuit relating to the switch can be diagnosed.

A circuit breaker is connected between an input supply line and an output supply line of a low-voltage electrical system and comprises a test signal transceiver and evaluator. The test signal transceiver comprises a first transceiver section being capacitively or inductively coupled, at a first coupling point, with the input supply line, and a second transceiver section being inductively coupled, at a second coupling point, with the input or output supply line. One of the first and second transceiver section is a test signal transmitter configured to generate and inject an AC test signal into the input or output supply line, and the other one of the first and second transceiver section is a test signal receiver configured to receive the test signal from the input or output supply line. A test signal evaluator is configured to determine the state of the circuit breaker from the received test signal.