An apparatus includes a processor configured to be disposed with a vehicle and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory stores instructions to cause the processor to receive, at least two of: radar data, camera data, lidar data, or sonar data. The sensor data is associated with a predefined region of a vicinity of the vehicle while the vehicle is traveling during a first time period. At least a portion of the vehicle is positioned within the predefined region during the first time period. The method also includes detecting that no other vehicle is present within the predefined region. An environment of the vehicle during the first time period is classified as one state from a set of states that includes at least one of dry, light rain, heavy rain, light snow, or heavy snow, based on at least two of the sensor data to produce an environment classification. An operational parameter of the vehicle based on the environment classification is modified.

Example embodiments relate to techniques for using vehicle image radar to estimate rain rate and other weather conditions. A computing device may receive radar data from a radar unit coupled to a vehicle. The radar data can represent the vehicle's environment. The computing device may use the radar data to determine a radar representation that indicates backscatter power and estimate, using a rain rate model, a rain rate for the environment based on the radar representation. The computing device may then control the vehicle based on the rain rate. In some examples, the computing device may provide the rain rate estimation and an indication of its current location to other vehicles to enable the vehicles to adjust routes based on the rain rate estimation.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for predicting a severe convection weather. The method may include: acquiring a current radar echo map sequence, the current radar echo map sequence being a radar echo map sequence within a current time period; generating, based on the current radar echo map sequence, a future radar echo map sequence, the future radar echo map sequence being a radar echo map sequence within a future time period; and inputting the future radar echo map sequence into a pre-trained severe convection weather predicting model to obtain a severe convection weather intensity predicting map, where the severe convection weather predicting model is used to predict the intensity of a severe convection weather.

An apparatus and a method for estimating rainfall of hail and rain using a dual-polarization weather radar improve accuracy of classification of hail and rain zones and estimation of rainfall intensity by classifying hail and rain zones using a distribution of horizontal reflectivity and differential reflectivity of radar observation values, discriminating between a convective zone and a stratiform zone depending on reflection intensity, and applying a dual-polarization-based rainfall estimating relational equation for each type in a weighted mean technique.

A method for processing telemetry data for estimating a wind speed. The method includes a hybridization by temporal combination, and/or by weighting, and/or by averaged projection.

An absorber device for electromagnetic sensor systems has at least one aperture. Each aperture is able to be opened and closed by an aperture closure. The absorber device is designed in such a way that when the aperture is open, electromagnetic waves incoming through the aperture do not then leave the absorber device, and when the aperture is closed, electromagnetic waves impinging on the aperture are reflected.

To provide a precipitation particle classification apparatus for obtaining a proper classification result of precipitation particles based on information from a plurality of radar devices. The precipitation particle classification apparatus includes a data processing part, a fuzzy processing part, a coordinate conversion part, an interpolation part, and a classification part. The data processing part acquires polarization parameters obtained by reflection on the precipitation particles from each of the plurality of radar devices which are arranged at different positions and have a part of a scanning area overlapping with each other. The fuzzy processing part obtains a polar coordinate distribution evaluation value indicating the distribution in polar coordinates of an evaluation value indicating the degree of attribution to each type of precipitation particles from polarization parameters by using a fuzzy inference. The coordinate conversion part converts the polar coordinate distribution evaluation value into the Cartesian coordinate distribution evaluation value. The interpolation part integrates the Cartesian coordinate distribution evaluation values whose positions on the coordinates are substantially equal among the Cartesian coordinate distribution evaluation values obtained for each of the plurality of radar devices to obtain a composite evaluation value. The classification part classifies precipitation particle species based on the composite evaluation value.

A ground weather center may transmit information requests that carry at least one meteorological specific triggering command. An airborne system may translate the triggering command into detectable meteorological conditions and may arm the trigger(s) for specific weather sensors accordingly and downlink information upon the airborne system detects the triggering conditions. By using such a triggering command, the airborne system may be able transmit the same amount of valuable information with less bandwidth by reducing the number of redundant downlinked packets.

According to one embodiment, there is provided an aviation weather control system including: a processing unit configured to receive weather information of an area to be overseen including a vertically integrated liquid water content, and specify a weather phenomenon affecting an airplane based on the received weather information; and a notification unit configured to notify the weather phenomenon specified by the processing unit.

Disclosed herein is a black ice detection system, and more particularly, a system for detecting black ice on roads, which is capable of using a reflector and beamforming array radar installed along a road so as to measure a change in permittivity depending on the change of state of water and ice on the road and to warn of and take an appropriate action with regard to freezing conditions by detecting the same.