An ultrasonic transducer includes a transducer case and an ultrasonic element. The transducer case is formed into a bottomed, cylindrical shape having a side plate portion and a bottom plate portion that seals one end side of the side plate portion in an axial direction to configure a diaphragm. The ultrasonic element is fixedly supported to the bottom plate portion to face an interior space surrounded by the side plate portion and the bottom plate portion. The ultrasonic element is arranged in a position being offset in an in-plane direction orthogonal to the axial direction relative to a center position of the diaphragm in the in-plane direction to be capable of generating a first transmission wave having first directivity characteristics and a second transmission wave having second directivity characteristics that are directivity characteristics differing from the first directivity characteristics and in which sound pressure in the axial direction is decreased.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for estimating wave properties of a body of water. A computer-implemented system obtains measurement data for a duration of time from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) onboard an underwater device, generates model input data based on at least the measurement data obtained at the plurality of time points, and processes the model input data to generate model output data indicating one or more wave properties using a machine-learning model. The system further determines, based on at least the one or more wave properties, whether the device is safe to be deployed.

A system for deploying sonar for surveying in deep water includes a submerged movable platform deployed in the deep water at a depth below a thermocline and surface wave action, a propulsion mechanism for moving the platform through the water in a controlled manner, and a multibeam echosounder attached to the platform, wherein the echosounder includes a Mills Cross transmitter and receiver array. A method for deploying sonar for surveying in deep water comprises deploying a submerged movable platform in the deep water at a depth below a thermocline and surface wave action, employing a propulsion mechanism for moving the platform through the water in a controlled manner, and employing a multibeam echosounder attached to the platform, wherein the multibeam echosounder comprises a Mills Cross transmitter and receiver array.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for estimating wave properties of a body of water. A computer-implemented system obtains measurement data for a duration of time from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) onboard an underwater device, generates model input data based on at least the measurement data obtained at the plurality of time points, and processes the model input data to generate model output data indicating one or more wave properties using a machine-learning model. The system further determines, based on at least the one or more wave properties, whether the device is safe to be deployed.

The disclosed wrist-tracking apparatus includes (1) a wristband dimensioned to be donned on a wrist of a user of an artificial reality system and (2) a set of Time of Flight (ToF) sensors coupled to the wristband, wherein each of the ToF sensors comprises (A) an emitter that emits a modulated pulse of energy, (B) a receiver that facilitates detecting a reflection of the modulated pulse of energy, and (C) a processing circuit communicatively coupled to the emitter and the receiver, wherein the processing circuit calculates a time of flight for the modulated pulse of energy based at least in part on the modulated pulse of energy and the reflection. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

The disclosed wrist-tracking apparatus includes (1) a wristband dimensioned to be donned on a wrist of a user of an artificial reality system and (2) a set of Time of Flight (ToF) sensors coupled to the wristband, wherein each of the ToF sensors comprises (A) an emitter that emits a modulated pulse of energy, (B) a receiver that facilitates detecting a reflection of the modulated pulse of energy, and (C) a processing circuit communicatively coupled to the emitter and the receiver, wherein the processing circuit calculates a time of flight for the modulated pulse of energy based at least in part on the modulated pulse of energy and the reflection. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

A device and a method for operating an acoustic sensor. An acoustic signal is emitted with the aid of the acoustic sensor, a first signal component of the acoustic signal having a first frequency and a second signal component of the acoustic signal having a second frequency, an aperture angle of the acoustic sensor differing for the first frequency and the second frequency, receiving the acoustic signal with the aid of the acoustic sensor, after it has been reflected at an object; and evaluating the received acoustic signal to ascertain an elevation angle based on a signal amplitude of the first signal component and a signal amplitude of the second signal component of the received acoustic signal, the elevation angle describing a position deviation of the object from a sensor axis of the acoustic sensor.

Aspects of the present disclosure involve a method for determining a road vehicle velocity and slip angle. The current disclosure presents a technique for identifying a vehicle's velocity and slip angle, in the vehicle's coordinate frame. In one embodiment, two or more sensors are orthogonally located on the underside of the vehicle in order to obtain longitudinal and lateral velocity information for slip angle determination. In another embodiment, the two or more sensors can include an array of elements for beam steering and receiver beamforming. Spatial diversity is leveraged in identifying at least a slip angle and/or velocity of the vehicle. Doppler mapping is used as a means for slip angle determination and the clutter ridge of the Doppler map is embraced for identifying the slip angle.

A system for tracking wearable user devices is provided herein. The system may include a tracking environment, comprising: one or more scene light sources, wherein the location of the scene light sources is known within said tracking environment; one or more scene detectors operable to detect light within the tracking environment, wherein the location and orientation of said one or more scene detectors is known within said tracking environment; one or more scene reflectors operable to reflect light originating from said one or more scene light sources, wherein the location of said one or more scene reflectors is known within said tracking environment; and, one or more wearable user devices comprising a curved reflective surface with known geometry; and, a computer processor operable to analyse light readings detected by said one or more scene detectors, and to calculate a position of the one or more wearable user devices.

Various embodiments relate generally to autonomous vehicles and associated mechanical, electrical and electronic hardware, computer software and systems, and wired and wireless network communications to provide an autonomous vehicle fleet as a service. In particular, a method may include receiving data associated with a sensor measurement of a perceived object, determining a label associated with the perceived object based on an initial calibration, retrieving log file data associated with the label, determining a calibration parameter associated with the sensor measurement based on the retrieved log file data, and storing the calibration parameter in association with a sensor associated with the sensor measurement. Sensors may be calibrated on the fly while the autonomous vehicle is in operation using one or more other sensors and/or fused data from multiple types of sensors.