A distance measurement apparatus of a scanning type provided with a two-dimensional micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) mirror that reflects a laser beam includes: a first detector that detects a mirror angle of the two-dimensional MEMS mirror and outputs an angular signal that indicates the mirror angle; and a processor that calculates an amplitude error and a phase error between amplitude and a phase of the angular signal and amplitude and a phase of a reference angle signal, and corrects a resonance drive waveform of a drive signal that drives, of two mutually orthogonal axes of the two-dimensional MEMS mirror, one axis on a resonance drive side on a basis of the amplitude error and the phase error.

Described is a system and method for the classification of agents based on agent movement patterns. In operation, the system receives position data of a moving agent from a camera or sensor. Motion data of the moving agent is then extracted and used to generate a predicted future motion of the moving agent using a set of pre-calculated Echo State Networks (ESN). Each ESN represents an agent classification and generates a predicted future motion. A prediction error is generated for each ESN by comparing the predicted future motion for each ESN with actual motion data. Finally, the agent is classified based on the ESN having the smallest prediction error.

Described is a system and method for the classification of agents based on agent movement patterns. In operation, the system receives position data of a moving agent from a camera or sensor. Motion data of the moving agent is then extracted and used to generate a predicted future motion of the moving agent using a set of pre-calculated Echo State Networks (ESN). Each ESN represents an agent classification and generates a predicted future motion. A prediction error is generated for each ESN by comparing the predicted future motion for each ESN with actual motion data. Finally, the agent is classified based on the ESN having the smallest prediction error.

Disclosed are a visual positioning device (101) and a three-dimensional surveying and mapping system (100) including at least one visual positioning device (101). The visual positioning device (101) includes an infrared light source (101b), an infrared camera (101a), a signal transceiver module (101d) and a visible light camera (101c). The three-dimensional surveying and mapping system (100) further includes a plurality of position identification points (102), a plurality of active signal points (103) and an image processing server (104). The image processing server (104) is configured to cache infrared images and real scene images shot by the infrared camera (101a) and the visible light camera (101c) and positioning information thereabout and store a three-dimensional model obtained through reconstruction. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, no need for a power supply, convenience in use and high precision, etc.

A visual positioning system based on highly infrared-reflective identification, including a plurality of identification points (102), an infrared photographing device (101) and an image processing unit (103). The plurality of identification points (102) is passive identification points made of a highly infrared-reflective material and are arranged at equal intervals in a plane to be positioned; the infrared photographing device (101) is used for shooting a reflective image of the identification points (102); and the image processing unit (103) obtains a relative position and relative attitude variation by acquiring and analyzing information about an image shot by an infrared camera (101a). Also provided is a visual positioning method based on highly infrared-reflective identification. The visual positioning system and method have the advantages of simple structure, no need of power supply, low costs, no delay and high positioning precision.

A method implemented in a processing unit controlling a surveying instrument is provided. The method comprises obtaining a first set of data from optical tracking of a target with the surveying instrument, and identifying from the first set of data a dependence over time of at least one parameter representative of movements of the target. The method further comprises receiving a second set of data from a sensor unit via a communication channel, the second set of data including information about the at least one parameter over time, and determining whether a movement pattern for the optically tracked target as defined by the dependence over time of the at least one parameter is the same as, or deviates by a predetermined interval from, a movement pattern as defined by the dependence over time of the at least one parameter obtained from the second set of data.

A method implemented in a processing unit controlling a surveying instrument is provided. The method comprises obtaining a first set of data from optical tracking of a target with the surveying instrument, and identifying from the first set of data a dependence over time of at least one parameter representative of movements of the target. The method further comprises receiving a second set of data from a sensor unit via a communication channel, the second set of data including information about the at least one parameter over time, and determining whether a movement pattern for the optically tracked target as defined by the dependence over time of the at least one parameter is the same as, or deviates by a predetermined interval from, a movement pattern as defined by the dependence over time of the at least one parameter obtained from the second set of data.

Described herein are systems and methods that may efficiently detect multi-return light signals. A light detection and ranging system, such as a LIDAR system, may fire a laser beam that may hit multiple objects with a different distance in one line, causing multi-return light signals to be received by the system. Multi-return detectors may be able to analyze the peak magnitude of a plurality of peaks in the return signals and determine a multitude of peaks, such as the first peak, the last peak and the maximum peak. One embodiment to detect the multi-return light signals may be a multi-return recursive matched filter detector. This detector comprises a matched filter, peak detector, centroid calculation and a zeroing out function. Other embodiments may be based on a maximum finder that algorithmically selects the highest magnitude peaks from samples of the return signal and buffers for regions of interests peaks.

Described herein are systems and methods that may efficiently detect multi-return light signals. A light detection and ranging system, such as a LIDAR system, may fire a laser beam that may hit multiple objects with a different distance in one line, causing multi-return light signals to be received by the system. Multi-return detectors may be able to analyze the peak magnitude of a plurality of peaks in the return signals and determine a multitude of peaks, such as the first peak, the last peak and the maximum peak. One embodiment to detect the multi-return light signals may be a multi-return recursive matched filter detector. This detector comprises a matched filter, peak detector, centroid calculation and a zeroing out function. Other embodiments may be based on a maximum finder that algorithmically selects the highest magnitude peaks from samples of the return signal and buffers for regions of interests peaks.

An active marker relay system is provided to operate responsive active markers coupled to an object in a live action scene for performance capture, via a trigger unit that relays energy pulse information to responsive active markers. Using use simple sensors, the responsive active markers sense control energy pulses projected from the trigger unit. In return, the responsive active markers produce energy pulses that emulate at least one characteristic of the control energy pulses, such as a particular pulse rate or wavelength of energy. The reactivity of the responsive active markers to control energy pulses enables simple control of the responsive active markers through the trigger unit.