Disclosed is an approach to enable radio map download for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied areas. In particular, processor(s) (e.g., of positioning server(s)) could identify GNSS-denied area(s) in an initial radio map, the GNSS-denied area(s) being (i) one or more areas in which at least one GNSS signal is or was unavailable and (ii) a subset of a plurality of areas represented by the initial radio map. Subsequently, the processor(s) could generate a partial radio map representing radio data only for the GNSS-denied area(s) identified in the initial radio map, and could then transmit the partial radio map to a mobile device for storage at the mobile device. In this way, the mobile device could optimize resource usage and perform radio-based position estimations at least in the GNSS-denied area(s) that were identified.

Inter-alia, a method is disclosed comprising: receiving one or more beacon signals sent by one or more beacon devices (140-1-140-5); determining one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices, wherein the one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices are represented by the one or more beacon signals; and broadcasting or triggering broadcasting broadcast information for enabling determining of a position of the at least one first apparatus based at least partially on the determined one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices, wherein the broadcast information at least partially comprises or represents the determined one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices. It is further disclosed an according apparatus, computer program and system.

A method includes obtaining piece(s) of calendar information indicative of at least one appointment taking place in a space and extracting a set of space identifiers representing space(s) of the venue. The space identifier(s) for one or more spaces are extracted based on an indoor map of the venue. The method also includes determining or triggering determining whether at least a part of the set of space identifiers or one or more spaces of the set of space identifiers match(es) the at least one space as represented by the piece(s) of calendar information; and if a match is found: determining one or more reference location estimates. A respective reference location estimate is indicative of a location of the space that was determined to be a match. A corresponding apparatus, computer program product and system are also provided.

A network device stores a radio map comprising map data configured to enable radio-based positioning within a geographic area. The radio map is associated with a plurality of instances of quality information, with each instance of quality information corresponding to a respective location within the geographic area. The network device receives a quality information request corresponding to a geographic region within the geographic area. The quality information request is associated with an entity. Based on a determination of whether a contribution by the entity to a portion of the map data that corresponds to the geographic region satisfies one or more significance criteria, the network device either provides or withholds quality information corresponding to the geographic region.

An edge device includes a first antenna array that includes a first portion and one or more second portions. The edge device includes control circuitry that senses a surrounding area of the edge device in a first frequency by use of the first portion of the first antenna array. The control circuitry executes beamforming to direct a first beam of radio frequency (RF) signal in a second frequency having a signal strength greater than a threshold to a first user equipment (UE) in motion, by use of the one or more second portions of the first antenna array, where the first frequency is different from the second frequency.

A method includes obtaining or holding available first radio map information representing a first radio map for a first environment. The method also includes determining, at least partially based on said first radio map information, second radio map information representing a second radio map for a second environment. The second radio map contains or represents a respective radio coverage model for each radio device of a group of radio devices. A portion of the second environment at least partially covers the first environment. A density of radio coverage models contained in or represented by said second radio map in the portion of said second environment and at least partially covering the first environment is higher than a density of radio coverage models contained in or represented by the second radio map in a remaining portion of the second environment. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided.

An edge device includes a first antenna array that includes a first portion and one or more second portions. The edge device includes control circuitry that senses a surrounding area of the edge device by use of the first portion of the first antenna array. The control circuitry executes beamforming to direct a first beam of radio frequency (RF) signal having a signal strength greater than a threshold to a first user equipment (UE), by use of the one or more second portions of the first antenna array.

It is inter-alia disclosed a method comprises: obtaining or holding available at least one training set of radio signal observation results, wherein a respective training set of radio signal observation results is held available in association with identification information of a corresponding area of interest on a site, wherein a respective training set of radio signal observation results is captured at a corresponding observation position within a corresponding area of interest on said site; obtaining or holding available area of interest information indicating whether at least one tracking device has been determined to have entered and/or to have been located within a corresponding area of interest on the site; obtaining or holding available current radio signal observation data of a current tracking device representing one or more current sets of radio signal observation results captured by a radio interface of the current tracking device when present on said site, wherein a respective current set of radio signal observation results is captured at a corresponding observation position on said site; determining whether the current tracking device has entered or is located within an area of interest, identification information of which is associated with the at least one training set of radio signal observation results, based on at least one current set of radio signal observation results, based on at least one training set of radio signal observation results associated with the identification information of the area of interest, and based on the area of interest information.

Various embodiments relate to a method for positioning objects implemented in an object or in a server. The disclosure relates to a method for positioning objects, implemented in a first object in communication with at least one second object, comprising determining a position of said first object. The method can comprise determining the location of said first object relative to the magnetic north, and determining the height of said first object relative to at least one reference point. The method can comprise obtaining the relative position of said at least one second object relative to said first object.

Various embodiments relate to the generation and/or use of a positioning map comprising instances of neighbor-cell information that each comprising, are associated with, and/or indexed by a respective globally unique identifier. In an example embodiment, a processor determines a locally unique identifier and an estimated location of an observed neighbor cell. The processor defines a globally unique identifier for the neighbor cell comprising the locally unique identifier and an indication of the estimated location of the neighbor cell. The processor generates a positioning map to include an instance of neighbor-cell information corresponding to the neighbor cell. The instance of neighbor-cell information comprises, is associated with, and/or is indexed by the defined globally unique identifier. The instance of neighbor-cell information may be accessed via an observed locally unique identifier when determining a position estimate for a computing entity that observed a neighbor cell corresponding to the observed locally unique identifier.