In various embodiments, techniques are provided for determining and associating multiple locations with beacons, and estimating a location of an electronic device based on beacons having multiple associated locations. To determine multiple locations of a beacon, observations are grouped into observation clusters, a probability is calculated that each observation cluster accurately describes the beacon, multiple observation clusters are selected as representative of the beacon based on the calculated probabilities, characteristics are derived for the beacon (including multiple locations) based on the selected multiple observation clusters, and at least the multiple locations for the beacon are stored in a reference database. To estimate a location of an electronic device, a list of detected beacons is created, one or more locations are accessed from a reference database for each of the beacons on the list of detected beacons with at least one of the beacons having multiple locations, the locations are grouped into location clusters, a probability each location cluster represents a location of the electronic device is calculated, an location cluster is selected to represent the location of the beacon based on the calculated probabilities, and a location of the electronic device is estimated based on the selected location cluster.

Disclosed is an approach to enable radio map download for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied areas. In particular, processor(s) (e.g., of positioning server(s)) could identify GNSS-denied area(s) in an initial radio map, the GNSS-denied area(s) being (i) one or more areas in which at least one GNSS signal is or was unavailable and (ii) a subset of a plurality of areas represented by the initial radio map. Subsequently, the processor(s) could generate a partial radio map representing radio data only for the GNSS-denied area(s) identified in the initial radio map, and could then transmit the partial radio map to a mobile device for storage at the mobile device. In this way, the mobile device could optimize resource usage and perform radio-based position estimations at least in the GNSS-denied area(s) that were identified.

In aspects of environment dead zone determination based on UWB ranging, a system includes ultra-wideband (UWB) radios associated with respective devices in an environment. An automation controller receives UWB ranging data from the UWB radios, and can monitor locations of the respective devices in the environment. The automation controller can detect a loss of coverage by a device connected in the environment, and determine a coverage dead zone within the environment at the location of the loss of coverage by the device based on the UWB ranging data. A computing device can implement the automation controller that receives the UWB ranging data from the UWB radios, and monitors the locations of the respective devices in the environment. The automation controller can detect the loss of coverage by the device, and determine the coverage dead zone within the environment at the location of the loss of coverage by the device.

An apparatus obtains results of measurements of a mobile device on radio signals transmitted by a radio transmitter at a site. The results include at least an identifier of the radio transmitter and an indication of a received signal strength of the radio signals. A plurality of radio transmitters are distributed at the site. The apparatus compares the received signal strength with a threshold. If the received signal strength exceeds the threshold, the apparatus causes a notification of a user of the mobile device, obtains an indication of a location based on a user input identifying a location on a map of the site, the map presented on a display of the mobile device, and causes storage of the identifier of the radio transmitter and the indication of the location as approximate location of the radio transmitter.

Inter-alia, a method is disclosed comprising: receiving one or more beacon signals sent by one or more beacon devices (140-1-140-5); determining one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices, wherein the one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices are represented by the one or more beacon signals; and broadcasting or triggering broadcasting broadcast information for enabling determining of a position of the at least one first apparatus based at least partially on the determined one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices, wherein the broadcast information at least partially comprises or represents the determined one or more identifier information of the one or more beacon devices. It is further disclosed an according apparatus, computer program and system.

A positioning method includes separately sending, by a terminal, a request for obtaining assistance data to a serving base station and a neighboring cell base station; separately receiving, by the terminal, assistance data from the serving base station and the neighboring cell base station; identifying, by the terminal based on the assistance data, reference signals received from the serving base station and the neighboring cell base station; calculating, by the terminal, a time difference of arrival based on times at which the reference signals arrive at the terminal; and sending, by the terminal, the time difference to a server using an application layer protocol, to enable the server to calculate location information of the terminal.

A mobile device generates a series of instances of space learning data. The series comprises instances of radio data captured as the device traverses a path through at least a portion of a space. Each instance of radio data describes a radio environment observed by the device at a respective location along the path. The device determines a position estimate based at least on motion of the device determined based on signals generated by motion sensors. The position estimate is associated with a respective instance of radio data. The device receives an message indicating the device is located proximate a particular landmark within the space. The landmark is a location within the space that is associated with a user-provided or sensor-defined landmark description. Responsive to receiving the message, the device updates the series to include an indication that a particular location along the path is proximate the particular landmark.

Provided is a position estimation method for a stationary radio device, the method including: calculating a first similarity between a first fingerprint measured by the stationary radio device at a first timing and a second fingerprint measured by a mobile radio device at a second timing and transmitted from the mobile radio device; receiving, from another stationary radio device, a second similarity between a third fingerprint measured by the other stationary radio device at the first timing and the second fingerprint; and determining, a position of the mobile radio device based on a comparison result between the first similarity and the second similarity.

Methods and systems for generating map information of an environment using channel state information (CSI) of wireless signals received by access points (APs) in the environment are disclosed. In some implementations, a system uses CSI of a wireless signal received by a respective AP to determine a time-of-flight (ToF) and an angle-of-arrival (AoA) of one or more reflected path signal components of the wireless signal, and estimates the locations of points or surfaces in an area of the respective AP based on the ToF and AoA of the reflected path signal components. The estimated locations of the points or surfaces can be used to generate map information for the area. The system aggregates map information generated for different areas of the environment to determine map information for the entire environment. The wireless signals may be received from wireless stations or user equipment, or may be received from the respective AP.

A processor obtains a plurality of instances of access point observation information. Each instance of access point observation information comprises (a) radio observation information corresponding to observation of one or more access points by a respective mobile device and (b) location information comprising an indication of a location of the respective mobile device when the respective mobile device observed the one or more access points. For one or more instances of access point observation information, based at least on the location information of the instance and a digital map that is accessible to the at least one processor, the process identifies a respective (TME) of the digital map that represents a portion of a traversable network where the mobile device was located when the mobile device observed the one or more access points; and associates at least a portion of the radio observation information with the respective TME.