A method of identifying hydrocarbon seeps that are connected to hydrocarbon reservoirs and for identifying in situ conditions of hydrocarbon reservoirs is disclosed. The method comprises, obtaining a sample from an area of interest, such as a sediment sample or water column sample near a hydrocarbon seep; analyzing the sample to detect microbial signatures that are specific to families associated with hydrocarbon reservoirs; and using the signature to determine whether the hydrocarbon seep is connected to a hydrocarbon reservoir and to identify properties of the hydrocarbon reservoir.

A portable monitor used to measure landfill gas and landfill well parameters. The portable monitor includes a control unit and a measuring unit that can communicate wirelessly with one another. The control unit and/or measuring unit can include a heating arrangement to increase the temperature of one or more components in the control unit and/or measuring unit in cold environments.

A portable monitor used to measure landfill gas and landfill well parameters. The portable monitor includes a control unit and a measuring unit that can communicate wirelessly with one another. The control unit and/or measuring unit can include a heating arrangement to increase the temperature of one or more components in the control unit and/or measuring unit in cold environments.

Provided herein are new methods for assessing carbon dioxide rock volatile contents of subterranean sites to identify changes in the carbon dioxide content of sites, such an assessment then applied to the evaluation of such sites for possible use as carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) sites, carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS) sites, and for other applications. Further provided herein are methods for identifying geological features which may compromise a site's ability to serve as a CCS/CCUS site, whereby the methods comprise the application of rock volatiles analysis, mechanical strength analysis, or both, and the subsequent identification of such geological features based on shifts, changes, or patterns in data resulting from the analysis. Additional related methods and systems are also disclosed.

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for detecting seepage of hydrocarbons in subterranean zones. In one aspect, a method includes detecting hydrocarbon seepage at multiple different sampling depths from a surface in a surveyed geographic region, comparing each of the hydrocarbon seepage at the multiple different sampling depths, wherein hydrocarbon seepage at a reference depth is known, and determining hydrocarbon seepage through the surveyed geographic region based on a result of the comparison.

An embodiment of the disclosure provides a method of generating an electron density map of a D-region of the ionsphere. The method can comprise: defining a plurality of grid pixels corresponding to a portion of the D-region of the ionosphere; receiving a plurality of electromagnetic signals, each of the plurality of electromagnetic signals having propagated along a distinct propagation path through a portion of the D-region corresponding to one or more of the plurality of grid pixels; clustering the plurality of electromagnetic signals based on similarities in a point-of-origin of the plurality of electromagnetic signals; determining a path-averaged electron density curve for each of the plurality of clustered signals; determining a basis representation of an electron density curve of the plurality of grid pixels, which is consistent with the path-averaged electron density curves; and generating, based on the as is representation, an electron density map for the D-region of the ionosphere.

A method for identifying in situ presence of a hydrocarbon reservoir or of a pipeline leakage is disclosed. The method can include obtaining a sample from an area of interest, such as a sediment sample or water column sample near a hydrocarbon seep or near an offshore pipeline; analyzing the sample to detect nucleic acid, protein or metabolite signatures that are indicative of cold-shock response; identifying the relative abundance of the cold-shock signatures present in the sample in comparison to the surrounding environment.

An in-situ and on-line acoustic measuring system for natural gas flux at the hydrocarbon seeps at a seafloor includes a seepage tent and a flow measuring channel. The flow measuring channel includes a lower bubble breaking channel, an ultrasonic transducer measuring channel and an upper bubble breaking channel. The lower bubble breaking channel communicates with the seepage tent provided with bubble breaking grids. Lower and upper bubble breaking devices, arranged in a bubble rising direction, are respectively mounted in the lower and upper bubble breaking channels. One side of the ultrasonic transducer measuring channel is fixedly connected with an acoustic wave demultiplexer, and the other side is fixedly connected with flat receiving transducers receiving transmitting acoustic waves generated by an acoustic wave branching unit. Acoustic wave probes, also used for receiving the transmitting acoustic waves generated by the acoustic wave demultiplexer, are arranged in the ultrasonic transducer measuring channel.

Method and system is described to exploration and development hydrocarbon resources. The method involves operations for exploring and developing hydrocarbons with one or more unmanned vehicles. The unmanned vehicles are used to obtain one or more samples that may be used to identify hydrocarbon systems, such as hydrocarbon seeps.

Methods and systems for evaluating hydrocarbon in heterogeneous formations are disclosed. The use of three-dimensional simulation of the heterogeneous and porous structure at the nanometer scale of formation facilitates more accurate evaluation of the hydrocarbon reserve and fluid behavior.