A flowback system and method employ a flowback model that characterizes fluid properties and rock mechanical properties of the reservoir during flowback in conjunction with measurement and analysis of chemistry and solids production with respect to the flowback fluid in order to maximize efficiency during the flowback operations, while mitigating formation damage and hydraulic fracture conductivity degradation. The methodology can define a safe drawdown operating zone for conducting flowback operations.

A method includes determining a free water level in the reservoir, analyzing a free water pressure trend of the free water phase, determining a presence of anomalous pressures and salinities within the free water phase, determining whether gas down to models and water up to models fit the reservoir, determining a bi-modal pore throat distribution of the plurality of pores within the reservoir, and generating a difference map to model the water distribution in the reservoir.

[Problem to be Solved]

The present invention provides a system which can detect/check an underground water vein in a specific ground area and detect/check underground water in the underground water vein at a pinpoint.

[Solution]

The present invention has, while two-dimensionally visualizing an underground water vein in a specific ground area, a large number of electrodes group 22 disposed in the specific ground area, a survey point switching unit 23 having two poles in an electrode 22a with four poles in dipole-dipole arrangement in the electrodes group 22 set to potential electrodes, while the other two poles as current electrodes and combining and switching them so as to execute horizontal exploration and underground vertical exploration, measuring means 25 for each survey point of the entire ground area, specific resistance calculating means 31 for each survey point for calculating a specific resistance value at each survey point for each of high and low two frequencies in the horizontal and vertical directions at each survey point of the ground area, and impedance effect is acquired for each survey point on the basis of the calculated specific resistance value for each of the high and low two frequencies at each survey point so that estimation that a survey point position with the impedance effect>1 has an underground water vein can be made and displayed three-dimensionally.

[Problem to be Solved]

The present invention provides a system which can detect/check an underground water vein in a specific ground area and detect/check underground water in the underground water vein at a pinpoint.

[Solution]

The present invention has, while two-dimensionally visualizing an underground water vein in a specific ground area, a large number of electrodes group 22 disposed in the specific ground area, a survey point switching unit 23 having two poles in an electrode 22a with four poles in dipole-dipole arrangement in the electrodes group 22 set to potential electrodes, while the other two poles as current electrodes and combining and switching them so as to execute horizontal exploration and underground vertical exploration, measuring means 25 for each survey point of the entire ground area, specific resistance calculating means 31 for each survey point for calculating a specific resistance value at each survey point for each of high and low two frequencies in the horizontal and vertical directions at each survey point of the ground area, and impedance effect is acquired for each survey point on the basis of the calculated specific resistance value for each of the high and low two frequencies at each survey point so that estimation that a survey point position with the impedance effect>1 has an underground water vein can be made and displayed three-dimensionally.

Methods and systems for determining a liquid level in a formation between a horizontal segment of an injection wellbore and a horizontal segment of a production wellbore are disclosed. Under shut-in conditions, local temperatures and pressures are determined for each of a plurality of inflow zones along the production wellbore segment. Local profile values are determined based on local shut-in subcool values and local shut-in liquid levels. After flow has resumed, a local liquid level is determined based on the local operating subcool value and the local profile value for that inflow zone. The local profile values may be updated during subsequent shut-ins.

Methods and systems for determining a liquid level in a formation between a horizontal segment of an injection wellbore and a horizontal segment of a production wellbore are disclosed. Under shut-in conditions, local temperatures and pressures are determined for each of a plurality of inflow zones along the production wellbore segment. Local profile values are determined based on local shut-in subcool values and local shut-in liquid levels. After flow has resumed, a local liquid level is determined based on the local operating subcool value and the local profile value for that inflow zone. The local profile values may be updated during subsequent shut-ins.

The invention discloses method for determining hydraulic parameters and water inflow in the erosion stage of gravel soil, comprising: calculate the soil particle content P and the soil porosity n of each grade of particle size a, and draw the PSD curve of each grade of particle size and the soil particle content P of each grade of particle size and the PSD curve cluster of each grade of particle size and the soil particle content P of each grade of particle size in each erosion stage; calculate the equivalent diameter D.sub.h of the soil particle, and calculate the minimum equivalent pore diameter d.sub.0 of the soil particle; calculate the critical hydraulic gradient i.sub.cr of particle erosion at each stage; calculate the permeability coefficient k.sub.h; calculate the seepage flow velocity ν and the total seepage flow Q.

Onshore electromagnetic (EM) reservoir monitoring systems and methods, including a system with a light source producing a light beam and an EM sensor array positioned above ground or buried underground over one or more regions of interest within a subterranean formation, the array coupled to the light source with an optical fiber. An EM sensor modulates the interrogation light beam in response to an EM signal induced into the subterranean formation by an EM source. The system further includes a processor controlling the light source, processing modulated light received from the array, and collecting data with the array to produce EM surveys, each EM survey based on data sets collected at different times. The EM sensor is physically isolated from a surrounding environment. The surveys are combined to produce a time lapse earth model of the regions of interest.

Onshore electromagnetic (EM) reservoir monitoring systems and methods, including a system with a light source producing a light beam and an EM sensor array positioned above ground or buried underground over one or more regions of interest within a subterranean formation, the array coupled to the light source with an optical fiber. An EM sensor modulates the interrogation light beam in response to an EM signal induced into the subterranean formation by an EM source. The system further includes a processor controlling the light source, processing modulated light received from the array, and collecting data with the array to produce EM surveys, each EM survey based on data sets collected at different times. The EM sensor is physically isolated from a surrounding environment. The surveys are combined to produce a time lapse earth model of the regions of interest.

The system and method for generating a forecast or simulation in a hydrologic environment includes the comparison of real-world observations with archived model states to generate or obtain initial conditions for the generation of the forecast or simulation. By using archived model states to generate forecast initial conditions, a more realistic simulation may be generated. The output of the simulation may then be stored as new model states with the other archived model states to maintain an updated archive of model states.