A method of operating an apparatus for laser annealing, includes reducing temporal or spatial coherency of a plurality of laser beams by beam superimposing; and reducing an electric field inner product magnitude of beams having the reduced temporal or spatial coherency by a fly eye lens array to reduce coherency, and/or by modifying a polarization state between the beams by beam superimposing.

A transmission unit of a LIDAR device. The transmission unit includes at least one beam source for generating electromagnetic beams having a linear or rectangular cross section, and transmission optics. The transmission unit has an optical homogenizer which is arranged in a beam path of the generated beams in front of or behind the transmission optics and has at least one lens array. A LIDAR device is also described.

A laser source assembly is provided. The laser source assembly includes a plurality of lasers, a light combining assembly and a fly-eye lens. The fly-eye lens is disposed on a light exit side of the light combining assembly, and is configured to homogenize laser beams. The fly-eye lens includes a plurality of first microlenses located on a light incident surface thereof and a plurality of second microlenses located on a light exit surface thereof. A sine value of a divergence angle of a laser beam in a fast axis direction is greater than a sine value of an aperture angle of a first microlens in a slow axis direction, and a sine value of a divergence angle of the laser beam in the slow axis direction is greater than a sine value of an aperture angle of the first microlens in the fast axis direction.

Embodiments are disclosed for projection systems with rotatable anamorphic lenses. In an embodiment, an optical projection system comprises: a light source; an optical integrator configured to receive light from the light source and to distribute a uniform pattern of light; a relay lens system including two or more rotatable anamorphic lenses, the anamorphic lenses oriented about an optical axis to transform the uniform pattern of light into an image having a specified aspect ratio; at least one spatial light modulator configured to receive the image and direct a spatially modulated image along an optical path; and at least one projection lens configured to receive the spatially modulated image from the optical path and to project the spatially modulated image onto an image plane with the specified aspect ratio. In a DLP projection system, the relative angle of the two or more rotatable anamorphic lenses is less than 90 degrees to pre-distort the image, resulting in a more rectangular spatially modulated image having the specified aspect ratio.

A beam intensity uniformizing element includes an optical base, a first lens array disposed at a front surface of the optical base; and a second lens array disposed at a back surface of the optical base. The first lens array includes first mold lens cells arranged in different directions along the front surface of the optical base. The first mold lens cells have surfaces constituting the front surface of the optical base. The surfaces of the first mold lens cells have first linear marks thereon extending in a first direction. The second lens array includes second mold lens cells arranged in different directions along the back surface of the optical base. The second mold lens cells have surfaces constituting the back surface of the optical base. The surfaces of the second mold lens cells have second linear marks thereon extending in a second direction different from the first direction. This element suppresses generation of an interference pattern and reduces cost.

A lidar sensor. The lidar sensor includes a light source and a fly eye lens arrangement having a first microlens arrangement and a second microlens arrangement. The first microlens arrangement comprises a plurality of identical first microlenses stacked along a first axis. The second microlens arrangement comprises a plurality of identical second microlenses stacked along a second axis. The fly-eye lens arrangement is configured to generate, based on a light generated by the light source, a scanning beam for scanning an environment of the lidar sensor. The scanning beam includes a first sub-beam generated by the first microlens arrangement and a second sub-beam generated by the second microlens arrangement. Predefined optical properties of the first microlens arrangement and predefined optical properties of the second microlens arrangement differ from one another in order to generate a scanning beam having a predefined light intensity distribution.

A beam generating device includes a semiconductor substrate, having an optical passband. A first array of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is formed on a first face of the semiconductor substrate and are configured to emit respective laser beams through the substrate at a wavelength within the passband. A second array of microlenses is formed on a second face of the semiconductor substrate in respective alignment with the VCSELs so as to transmit the laser beams generated by the VCSELs. The VCSELs are configured to be driven to emit the laser beams in predefined groups in order to change a characteristic of the laser beams.

An optical system includes a first optical system, a second optical system, and a third optical system. The first optical system divides an input beam into a first light and a second light. The second optical system includes a concave reflective surface which reflects the first light. The third optical system directs at least one of the first light reflected from the second optical system and the second light from the first optical system to an output optical path of the third optical system.

An optical arrangement is provided for converting an input laser beam into a linear output beam propagating along a propagation direction and having in a working plane and a linear beam cross section extending along a line direction and having a non-vanishing intensity. The optical arrangement includes a reshaping optical unit having an input aperture for receiving the input laser beam and an output aperture, and is configured to convert the input laser bean into a beam packet having a multiplicity of beam segments that emerges through the output aperture. In addition, a homogenization optical unit is included having a first lens array and a second lens array arranged downstream of the first lens array in the beam path, the homogenization optical unit configured to mix different beam segments of the beam packet along the line direction. A transformation lens is configured such to superpose the mixed beam segments so as to form the linear output beam, and a displacement device is configured to displace the second lens array relative to the first lens array.

A display assembly includes: a display module including a plurality of pixel islands; and a plurality of lens arrays laminated at a light-exiting side of the display module. Each lens array includes a substrate, a cover plate, a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, and a liquid crystal layer and a diffraction lens grating arranged between the first and second transparent electrodes. The diffraction lens grating includes a plurality of diffraction lens grating units corresponding to the plurality of pixel islands. A voltage is applied to each of the first and the second transparent electrodes in such a manner that a refractive index of a liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is equal to or not equal to a refractive index of the diffraction lens grating.