Fiducial patterns that produce 2D Barker code-like diffraction patterns at a camera sensor are etched or otherwise provided on a cover glass in front of a camera. 2D Barker code kernels, when cross-correlated with the diffraction patterns captured in images by the camera, provide sharp cross-correlation peaks. Misalignment of the cover glass with respect to the camera can be derived by detecting shifts in the location of the detected peaks with respect to calibrated locations. Devices that include multiple cameras behind a cover glass with one or more fiducials on the cover glass in front of each camera are also described. The diffraction patterns caused by the fiducials at the various cameras may be analyzed to detect movement or distortion of the cover glass in multiple degrees of freedom.

Methods and apparatuses related to fiducial designs for fiducial markers on glass substrates, or other transparent or translucent substrates, are disclosed. Example fiducial designs can facilitate visual recognition by enhancing edge detection in visual perception. In example fiducial designs, optical features on glass substrates can re-direct light so as to present a bright image region. Such optical features can include surface relief patterns formed in a coating on the surface of glass substrates. An exemplary method for manufacturing the fiducial markers can involve transfers of a fiducial design across a master mold or plate, a submaster mold or plate, and a target glass substrate. A fiducial marker can facilitate the use of the substrate in a variety of applications, including machine vision systems that facilitate automated performance of manufacturing processes on input working material.

Methods and apparatuses related to fiducial designs for fiducial markers on glass substrates, or other transparent or translucent substrates, are disclosed. Example fiducial designs can facilitate visual recognition by enhancing edge detection in visual perception. In example fiducial designs, optical features on glass substrates can re-direct light so as to present a bright image region. Such optical features can include surface relief patterns formed in a coating on the surface of glass substrates. An exemplary method for manufacturing the fiducial markers can involve transfers of a fiducial design across a master mold or plate, a submaster mold or plate, and a target glass substrate. A fiducial marker can facilitate the use of the substrate in a variety of applications, including machine vision systems that facilitate automated performance of manufacturing processes on input working material.

A digital booster for an optical system includes an image acquisition unit. The image acquisition unit is configured to acquire an image frame from a non-magnified optic. The image frame includes an aiming reticle imposed by the non-magnified optic. The digital booster includes a display and a processor. The processor is configured to locate the aiming reticle on the image frame, select a sub-frame of the image frame with an aspect ratio that is centered on the aiming reticle of the image frame, perform image inversion and rescaling of the sub-frame, and transmit the sub-frame to the display.

A digital booster for an optical system includes an image acquisition unit. The image acquisition unit is configured to acquire an image frame from a non-magnified optic. The image frame includes an aiming reticle imposed by the non-magnified optic. The digital booster includes a display and a processor. The processor is configured to locate the aiming reticle on the image frame, select a sub-frame of the image frame with an aspect ratio that is centered on the aiming reticle of the image frame, perform image inversion and rescaling of the sub-frame, and transmit the sub-frame to the display.

A reticle has a horizontal stadia line and a vertical stadia line. A plurality of elevation subtension markings having a thickness are connected to the vertical stadia line. A plurality of fine subtension markings are positioned along the horizontal stadia line. A plurality of coarse subtension markings are positioned along the horizontal stadia line. The thickness of the coarse subtension markings is greater than the thickness of the fine subtension markings. A Christmas tree dot pattern is provided below the horizontal stadia line with a hold point feature within a lower portion of the Christmas tree dot pattern.

A reticle has a horizontal stadia line and a vertical stadia line. A plurality of elevation subtension markings having a thickness are connected to the vertical stadia line. A plurality of fine subtension markings are positioned along the horizontal stadia line. A plurality of coarse subtension markings are positioned along the horizontal stadia line. The thickness of the coarse subtension markings is greater than the thickness of the fine subtension markings. A Christmas tree dot pattern is provided below the horizontal stadia line with a hold point feature within a lower portion of the Christmas tree dot pattern.

An additive manufacturing system may include an irradiation device configured to emit an energy beam having a manufacturing power level selected to additively manufacturing a three-dimensional object by irradiating a powder material, and a controller configured to perform one or more beam alignment operations when irradiating the powder material. The irradiation device may include a beam source, one or more beam positioning elements, a beam splitter configured to split a measurement beam from the energy beam, and one or more beam sensors configured to determine one or more parameters of the measurement beam. The one or more beam alignment operations may include determining position information of the energy beam based on the one or more parameters of the measurement beam, and aligning the energy beam with an optical axis of the irradiation device by adjusting a position of the one or more beam positioning elements based on the position information.

A device and a method for manufacturing holographic optical elements. The device includes at least two partial light beams and one interference light beam, one deformable mirror in each case per partial light beam, a control unit, which is configured to actuate the deformable mirrors to adapt a wavefront of the partial light beam, and a holographic film. The deformable mirrors are situated so as to each reflect precisely one partial light beam and to direct the reflected partial light beam on the holographic film, and the interference light beam being directed on the holographic film to interfere with the reflected partial light beams so as to simultaneously generate at least two holographic optical elements.

An imaging apparatus comprises a camera and a controller. The camera generates a captured image. The controller superimposes a calibration object movable by translation or rotation in the captured image. In the case where a plurality of indexes I located at positions determined with respect to a moveable body having the camera mounted therein are subjected to imaging, the controller moves the calibration object so that a first corresponding portion coincides with an image of a first index of the plurality of indexes, and performs distortion correction on an area in the captured image determined based on a position of the image of the first index and a position of an image of a second index in the captured image and a position at which the calibration object is superimposed so that the image of the second index coincides with a second corresponding portion.