The present invention relates to an optical film exhibiting excellent optical properties such as low gloss value and reflectance, and an appropriate level of haze properties, and to an image display device including the same. The optical film comprises: a light-transmitting substrate film; an antiglare layer including a binder containing a (meth)acrylate-based crosslinked polymer, and organic fine particles of a micron (μm) scale dispersed on the binder and inorganic fine particles of a nanometer (nm) scale dispersed on the binder; and a low refractive index layer which is formed on the antiglare layer and includes a binder resin containing a (co)polymer of a photopolymerizable compound, and hollow silica particles dispersed in the binder resin, wherein the organic and inorganic fine particles exhibit a predetermined particle size distribution, refractive index difference, and content range.

The present disclosure describes a Lambertian gas-sensing system that may enable gas sensing in a compact form factor. The Lambertian gas-sensing system may include a hollow cavity, one or more light-emitting diode (LED) illuminators, one or more light-absorption detectors, and a gas exchange manifold. The hollow cavity may mechanically integrate the gas exchange manifold, the one or more LED illuminators, and one or more light-absorption detectors (such as one or more optical detectors). The gas exchange manifold may introduce gas into the hollow cavity and the one or more LED illuminators may emit light into the hollow cavity through one or more ports. The one or more light-absorption detectors may receive light from the hollow cavity through one or more ports.

The present disclosure provides a reflective polarizer module characterized by comprising: a first light collecting sheet including a first structuring pattern having a first unit light collector, the cross-sectional area of which is reduced progressively upward, which is disposed continuously in a repetitive manner, and collecting a light transmitted from below; a reflective polarizer sheet disposed in a stacked configuration on the top of the first light collecting sheet, and selectively transmitting the light by having a plurality of stacked layers having mutually different refractive indices; and a light recycling improving sheet disposed at the bottom of the reflective polarizer sheet, and randomly changing the polarized direction of the light which is not transmitted through the reflective polarizer sheet but is reflected downward.

An optical member includes: a substrate; and a dot formed on a surface of the substrate. The dot has wavelength selective reflecting properties, and a cholesteric structure which has a stripe pattern including bright and dark portions in a cross-sectional view of the dot when observed with a scanning electron microscope. A surface shape of the dot opposite to the substrate in a cross-section of the dot in a thickness direction has at least one inflection point. In the cross-section, an angle between a normal line perpendicular to a line, formed using a first dark portion from a surface of the dot opposite to the substrate, and the surface of the dot, is in a range of 70° to 90°. A proportion of a retroreflective area of the optical member is high when observed after light irradiation from an oblique direction to a normal direction perpendicular to the optical member.

As described above, one or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles having structural color, and methods of making articles having structural color.

An imaging device includes: an area light source including an emission surface from which a sub-terahertz wave is emitted to a measurement target; and a detector including an image sensor that receives a reflected wave generated by the measurement target reflecting the sub-terahertz wave emitted from the emission surface. The area light source includes: at least one point light source that emits a sub-terahertz wave; and a reflector that reflects the sub-terahertz wave emitted from the at least one point light source, to generate a sub-terahertz wave to be emitted from the emission surface. The reflector has a reflection surface that is a bumpy surface which includes two or more frequency components in a spatial frequency range and whose roughness curve element mean length RSm is at least 0.3 mm.

A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the light transmissive panel, and a light directing arrangement arranged adjacent the perimeter. The emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of emitted light and the light directing arrangement is arranged to direct the light along a light path from the emitters to the touch surface. A diffusive light scattering element is arranged in the light path.

The disclosure provides an electronic device including a housing, a light-emitting element and a light diffusion structure. The housing includes a first light-transmitting hole and a second light-transmitting hole. The light-emitting element is disposed in the housing, and is aligned with the first light-transmitting hole. The light diffusion structure includes a first light diffusion layer and a second light diffusion layer. The first light diffusion layer is disposed between the housing and the light-emitting element, and comprises a first semi-transparent region and a first light-shielding region. The first semi-transparent region corresponds to the first light-transmitting hole, and the first light-shielding region surrounds the first semi-transparent region. The second light diffusion layer is disposed between the housing and the light-emitting element, and comprises a second semi-transparent region and a second light-shielding region. The second semi-transparent region corresponds to the second light-transmitting hole. The second light-shielding region surrounds the second semi-transparent region.

A photovoltaic solar power plant assembly and a method of using said assembly to generate power are disclosed. The assembly includes an array of photovoltaic solar modules arranged in a solar module surface, and an optical structure for redirecting light towards said solar module surface, having a redirected light emitting surface. The optical structure includes: a planar optical waveguide which has a parallel first and second planar waveguide surfaces, wherein the first planar waveguide surface extends parallel to the redirected light emitting surface, wherein the first planar waveguide surface is at least partially covered by a photonic layer which is configured to provide an angular restriction of a light emission from the planar waveguide through the redirected light emitting surface, and a light scattering and/or luminescent material, which material is arranged as particles in the planar optical waveguide and/or in a layer which at least partially covers the second planar waveguide surface.

A beam splitting element as provided includes an optical substrate and a diffuse reflection layer. The optical substrate is configured to reflect or allow the incident beam to pass through. The diffuse reflection layer is disposed on a portion of a surface of the optical substrate. The incident beam is split into first and second split beams through the beam splitting element and satisfies one of the following conditions: field angles of the first and second split beams exit from the beam splitting element are different; the field angles of the first and second split beams exit from the beam splitting element are the same, and exit directions of the first and second split beams are parallel to each other. A projection device having the beam splitting element is also provided.