An optical module includes a support layer, a device layer which is provided on the support layer, and a movable mirror which is mounted in the device layer. The device layer has a mounting region in which the movable mirror is mounted, and a driving region which is connected to the mounting region. A space corresponding to at least the mounting region and the driving region is formed between the support layer and the device layer. The mounting region is disposed between a pair of elastic support regions included in the driving region and is supported by the pair of elastic support regions.

An optical module includes a support layer, a device layer which is provided on the support layer, and a movable mirror which is mounted in the device layer. The device layer has a mounting region in which the movable mirror is mounted, and a driving region which is connected to the mounting region. A space corresponding to at least the mounting region and the driving region is formed between the support layer and the device layer. The mounting region is disposed between a pair of elastic support regions included in the driving region and is supported by the pair of elastic support regions.

A vehicular frameless interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror head and a mounting portion. The mirror head includes a mirror reflective element and a mirror casing. The mirror reflective element includes a glass substrate having a planar front side and a planar rear side. No portion of the mirror casing overlaps the planar front side of the glass substrate of the mirror reflective element. A camera is disposed within the mirror casing. With the mounting portion of the mirror assembly mounted at an in-cabin side of a windshield of a vehicle, the camera views a driver of the vehicle, and when the mirror head is moved by the driver of the vehicle to adjust the rearward view provided by the mirror reflective element to the driver, the camera moves in tandem with movement of the mirror head. The camera is part of a driver monitoring system of the vehicle.

A near-eye display device, including: a display screen (1) used for image display; an imaging lens (2) located at a light emission side of the display screen (1) and used for imaging a displayed image of the display screen (1); a flat plate (3) located on the side of the imaging lens (2) facing away from the display screen (1) and obliquely arranged relative to the optical axis of the imaging lens (2); a phase retardation layer (4) located on the side of the flat plate (3) facing the imaging lens (2); a polarization beam-splitting layer (5) located between the phase retardation layer (4) and the flat plate (3); a polarizing layer (6) located between the polarization splitting layer (5) and the flat plate (3); and a curved mirror (7).

A method for operating an EUV lithography apparatus (1) with at least one vacuum housing (27) for at least one reflective optical element (12) includes operating the EUV lithography apparatus in an exposure operating mode (B), in which EUV radiation (5) is radiated into the vacuum housing, wherein a reducing plasma is generated at a surface (12a) of the reflective optical element in response to an interaction of the EUV radiation with a residual gas present in the vacuum housing. After an exposure pause, in which no EUV radiation is radiated into the vacuum housing, and before renewed operation of the EUV lithography apparatus in the exposure operating mode (B), the EUV lithography apparatus is operated in a recovery operating mode, in which oxidized contaminants at the surface of the reflective optical element are reduced in order to recover a transmission of the EUV lithography apparatus before the exposure pause.

A laser beam combining apparatus, and a combined stepped reflector and a filling rate calculation method thereof are disclosed. The laser beam combining apparatus includes a two-dimensional light-emitting array and the combined stepped reflector used to reflect a plurality of laser beams emitted by the two-dimensional light-emitting array. The combined stepped reflector is composed of a plurality of reflective mirrors that have the same length but sequentially increasing widths and that are stacked in succession, where the distance between centers of the laser beams reflected by the combined stepped reflector is smaller than the distance between centers of the laser beams prior to the incidence, thus increasing the filling rate of the laser beams emitted by the two-dimensional light-emitting array. A method for calculating the filling rate of the laser beam combining apparatus is also provided.

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation shielding films including a substrate made of a fluoropolymer, a multilayer optical film disposed on a major surface of the substrate, and a heat-sealable encapsulant layer disposed on a major surface of the multilayer optical film opposite the substrate. The multilayer optical film is made of at least a multiplicity of alternating first and second optical layers collectively reflecting at an incident light angle of at least one of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, or 75°, at least 30 percent of incident ultraviolet light over at least a 30-nanometer wavelength reflection bandwidth in a wavelength range from at least 100 nanometers to 280 nanometers. The ultraviolet light shielding film may be applied to a major surface of a photovoltaic device, such as a component of a satellite or an unmanned aerial vehicle. Methods of making the UV-C radiation-protective films also are disclosed.

A mechanically tunable reflective metamirror optical device for a targeted design optical wavelength includes a dynamically deformable substrate and a sub-wavelength periodic arrangement of patterned isolated gap surface plasmon (GSP) resonators positioned in or on the dynamically deformable substrate. The patterned isolated GSP resonators are movable relative to each other and comprise a patterned optically thin metal layer for the design wavelength, a patterned optically thick metal layer for the design wavelength, and a patterned insulator layer between the patterned optically thin and optically thick metal layers.

An optical assembly including an optical element insert molded directly onto an optical stack is provided. The optical stack includes an optical film and may include a liner with the optical film being disposed between the optical element and the liner. The liner, if included, is removable from the optical film without substantial damage to the optical film. An outermost layer of the optical film may be diffusion bonded to a major surface of the optical element. The optical film includes a protective coating having an average thickness of no more than 30 micrometers. The protective coating includes an at least partially cured composition. The composition includes 70 to 96 weight percent of urethane (meth)acrylate compound having an average (meth)acrylate functionality of 2 to 9.5, and 2 to 20 weight percent of (meth)acrylate monomer having a (meth)acrylate functionality of 1 to 2.

A mirror with display device includes a transparent planar material; and a display device. The transparent planar material has a metallic thin film. A light-shielding part is formed in the transparent planar material so that the transparent planar material has a translucent part. A display part of the display device for displaying an image is bonded to the translucent part via an adhesive layer.