A gimmick expression medium producing method forms a gimmick expression medium 300. The gimmick expression medium 300 includes a retroreflective medium 1. A printing medium 301 placed on the retroreflective medium 1 includes a light-transmission layer 302. A gimmick print 303 which varies color of reflective light of the retroreflective medium 1 to produce a gimmick effect is printed on the light-transmission layer 302. The printing medium 301 is provided with a light-blocking layer 304 which partially blocks reflective light reflected by the retroreflective medium 1. The light-blocking layer 304 is composed of a white printing layer, and a reflection picture print 305 is printed on the light-blocking layer 304. The reflection pattern printing 305 and the gimmick print 303 are placed in adjacent to each other using a stripe-shaped (or dot-shaped) lattice pattern 306, printing which can be seen on a printed matter under normal illumination and printing which can be seen under light source such as flash light can be printed at one time (one-pass) by the same printer.

A gimmick expression medium producing method forms a gimmick expression medium 300. The gimmick expression medium 300 includes a retroreflective medium 1. A printing medium 301 placed on the retroreflective medium 1 includes a light-transmission layer 302. A gimmick print 303 which varies color of reflective light of the retroreflective medium 1 to produce a gimmick effect is printed on the light-transmission layer 302. The printing medium 301 is provided with a light-blocking layer 304 which partially blocks reflective light reflected by the retroreflective medium 1. The light-blocking layer 304 is composed of a white printing layer, and a reflection picture print 305 is printed on the light-blocking layer 304. The reflection pattern printing 305 and the gimmick print 303 are placed in adjacent to each other using a stripe-shaped (or dot-shaped) lattice pattern 306, printing which can be seen on a printed matter under normal illumination and printing which can be seen under light source such as flash light can be printed at one time (one-pass) by the same printer.

A reflective structure includes a substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; a reflective pillar provided on the substrate; and a first light blocking layer covering the first surface of the substrate, wherein the first light blocking layer includes an opening adjacent to the reflective pillar and exposing a portion of the first surface of the substrate.

A vehicle surface 30, preferably wherein the vehicle is an aircraft, is described. The vehicle surface 30 comprises thereon and/or therein a set of retroreflectors 300, including a first retroreflector 300A, configured to reflect, at least in part, incident hostile light towards a source thereof.

A metrology frame configured to receive and secure a workpiece in preparation for an interferometric determination of a spatial profile of the workpiece with the use of one or more retroreflectors removably cooperated with the frame in known pre-determined spatial relationship with respect the fiducial features of not only the workpiece but those of the metrology frame itself The metrology frame is necessarily devoid of a holographic optical element, while the measurement apparatus containing such metrology frame employs a hologram configured to generate at least one alignment optical wavefront that spatially converges on the retroreflector. The hologram is preferably structured as a set of constituent holographic regions (contained in the same, unitary or spatially-complementary housing and/or substrate) that perform different but operationally-complementary functions to facilitate the alignment of the metrology frame with respect to the converging optical wavefront with or without the workpiece in the frame. The optical measurement system employing the metrology frame and the hologram. Methods of optical alignment with use of same.

A retroreflector structure with a plurality of cornercube prisms in a sheet and a projected aperture of at least one of the cornercube prisms has a concave polygon shape with at least one interior angle greater than 180°.

Retroreflective article and precursor articles formed during the preparation of the retroreflective articles are provided. Also, methods of making both the precursor articles and the retroreflective articles are provided. The retroreflective articles and the precursor articles contain a reflective layer that includes both a reflective metal and a polymeric blend. The polymeric blend includes both a fluorinated polymer and a (meth)acrylate polymer. The retroreflective articles typically have anti-staining properties, anti-corrosion properties, or both.

Retroreflective article and precursor articles formed during the preparation of the retroreflective articles are provided. Also, methods of making both the precursor articles and the retroreflective articles are provided. The retroreflective articles and the precursor articles contain a reflective layer that includes both a reflective metal and a polymeric blend. The polymeric blend includes both a fluorinated polymer and a (meth)acrylate polymer. The retroreflective articles typically have anti-staining properties, anti-corrosion properties, or both.

A technique of determining the presence of a species in a sample may include passing light through an optical filter. In an example, the optical filter may include a spatially variant microreplicated layer optically coupled to a wavelength selective filter. The wavelength selective filter may have a light incidence angle-dependent optical band. The spatially variant microreplicated layer may be configured to transmit light to a first optical region of the wavelength selective filter at a first predetermined incidence angle and to a second optical region of the wavelength selective filter at a second predetermined incidence angle.

A technique of determining the presence of a species in a sample may include passing light through an optical filter. In an example, the optical filter may include a spatially variant microreplicated layer optically coupled to a wavelength selective filter. The wavelength selective filter may have a light incidence angle-dependent optical band. The spatially variant microreplicated layer may be configured to transmit light to a first optical region of the wavelength selective filter at a first predetermined incidence angle and to a second optical region of the wavelength selective filter at a second predetermined incidence angle.